Tag: blood and its components

Questions Related to blood and its components

Which of the following are the constituents of blood?

biology transport in mammals blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. Mucus

  2. Plasma

  3. Lymph

  4. Bile

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Plasma circulates dissolved nutrients, such as glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids (dissolved in the blood or bound to plasma proteins), and removes waste products, such as carbon dioxide, urea, and lactic acid.

So, the correct option is 'Plasma'.

Blood plasma is ............ nature.

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. Alkaline

  2. Acidic

  3. Neutral

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The pH of the extracellular fluid, including the blood plasma, is normally tightly regulated between 7.32 and 7.42, by the chemical buffers, the respiratory system, and the renal system.


So, the correct answer is 'Alkaline'.

Plasma do not contain

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. Haemoglobin

  2. Water

  3. Blood cells

  4. Both A and C

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

One half of blood is composed of red blood cells (consist of an oxygen-carrying protein called hemoglobin), white blood cells and platelets which are considered as solid part of blood and another half is composed of water, salts and proteins which is the fluid part of blood. The fluid part of blood is known as plasma. Hence plasma does not contain haemoglobin, blood cells.

So, the correct answer is 'Both A and C'.

Plasma has water to the extent of _____________.

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. $80\%$

  2. $60\%$

  3. $70\%$

  4. $90\%$ or more

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Plasma, which is 92 percent water, constitutes 55 percent of blood volume. Plasma contains albumin (the chief protein constituent), fibrinogen (responsible, in part, for the clotting of blood), and globulins (including antibodies).


So, the correct answer is '90%'.

Major component of blood plasma is

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. Water

  2. Inorganic substances

  3. Organic substances

  4. Blood cells

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

One half of blood is composed of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets which are considered as solid part of blood and another half is composed of water, salts and proteins which is the fluid part of blood. The fluid part of blood is known as plasma. Plasma is a straw coloured, viscous fluid it has about 90-92% water and 6-8% proteins. Hence a major component of blood plasma is water.

So, the correct answer is 'Water'

Which one is the principal cation in the plasma of blood?

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. $K^+$

  2. $Na^+$

  3. $Ca^{2+}$

  4. $Mg^{2+}$

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Sodium is the most abundant electrolyte, and the most abundant cation, in blood plasma. Sodium plays a large role in maintaining water balance in the blood and in the tissues.The body monitors sodium and the volume of blood; sensors in certain parts of the body, such as the blood vessels and kidney, tell the kidneys whether to increase or decrease the excretion of sodium and water. Sodium also plays an important role in the functioning of nerve and muscle cells. Sodium and potassium traveling back and forth across the membranes of cells generate a charge, which can cause a muscle cell to contract or a nerve cell to transmit a signal.


So, the correct answer is 'Na+'.

Mineral forming $90$% of the cations of blood plasma is

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. $Mg$

  2. $Ca$

  3. $K$

  4. $Na$

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Sodium is the most abundant element in blood plasma while calcium is the most abundant element in the human body.
Mg forms an important constituent of chlorophyll. Magnesium is centrally located in the chlorophyll. It consists of porphyrin ring which has magnesium ion in the center. 
Calcium is required for the contraction of muscles.
Potassium ions helps in the nerve transmission. For every three sodium ions two potassium ions are exchanged with the extracellular fluid.
Sodium is the most abundant mineral present in the extracellular fluid which helps in the nerve transmission. The sodium ions enters inside the nerve cell from the extracellular fluid and generates action potential. It leads to change in electrical potential that occurs across a plasma membrane during the passage of a nerve impulse. As, an impulse travels in a wave-like manner along the axon of a nerve, it causes a localised and transient switch in electric potential across the membrane from -60 mV to +45 mV. It is due to the fact that the sodium channels open and the potassium channels remain closed. 
So, the correct answer is option D.

In blood, the main buffers are

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. Na$^+$ and K$^+$.

  2. Sodium di-hydrogen phosphate and sodium mono-hydrogen phosphate.

  3. Carbonic acid and bicarbonate.

  4. Ammonium acetate.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
A Buffer is an aqueous solution that resists changes in pH when acids or bases are added to it. The main buffer in the blood contains a large amount of carbonic acid, a weak acid, and bicarbonate, a base. Together, they help to maintain the pH of the blood at 7.4. The bicarbonate buffer system is an acid-base mechanism to maintain the balance of pH in the blood, in order to support proper metabolic functions.
So the correct answer is C.

Most of the blood proteins are

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. Acidic

  2. Basic

  3. Neutral

  4. All the above in equal proportions

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Blood proteins are different types of proteins found in blood plasma. These include majorly albumin, globulin, fibrinogen and other regulatory proteins which function as enzymes or hormones. Albumin alone accounts for 55% of the total blood proteins and is acidic in nature. It creates and maintains osmotic pressure of plasma and also helps in the transport of lipids and steroid hormones. Globulin is slightly basic and accounts for 38% of blood proteins. It participates in immune system. Fibrinogen comprises 7% of blood proteins and help in blood clotting.

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Consider the following four statements and select the correct option stating which ones are true (T) and which ones are false (F)?
(i) Proteins contribute 6 - 8% of the blood plasma.
(ii) Plasma contains very high amount of minerals.
(iii) Plasma without the clotting factors is called serum.
(iv) Glucose, amino acids, lipids, etc., are also present in the plasma as they are always in transit in the body.

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. i - F

    ii - F

    iii - T

    iv - T

  2. i - T

    ii - F

    iii - T

    iv - T

  3. i - T

    ii - T

    iii - F

    iv - F

  4. i - F

    ii - F

    iii - F

    iv - T

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Blood plasma contains dissolved proteins (6–8%) (i.e.—serum albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen), glucose, clotting factors, electrolytes, hormones, CO$ _2$ and oxygen.

Though plasma contain substantial amount of minerals but the concentration in terms of percentage can not be defined as 'high amount' in terms of their presence in plasma.
Blood plasma without clotting factor is called serum.
Thus, the correct answer is' i - T, ii - F, iii - T, iv - T.'