Tag: adaptive features
Questions Related to adaptive features
Plants growing in dry habitat are
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Lithophytes
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Mesophytes
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Hydrophytes
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Xerophytes
Which combination of the statements is incorrect for the adaptation in cactus?
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The cactus plants store water in their stems which carries out photosynthesis and is covered by the cuticle.
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Spines are the modified leaves of the cactus plant. Which reduce the loss of water through transpiration.
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The cactus plants have very short roots which cannot properly absorb water from the soil.
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The cactus plants lose a huge amount of water through transpiration so they cannot survive in deserts for a long time.
The succulent stem of the cactus plants usually store water and carry out photosynthesis also. The cactus stem contains a tough and waxy outer layer, called cuticle. The cactus plants possess modified leaves shaped like thin spines or thorns that decrease water loss through transpiration.
Stomata open at night and close during day in
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Xerophytes
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Gametophytes
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Mesophytes
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Hydrophytes
Stomata in xerophytes open in night and remain close during day to prevent loss of water through transpiration.
"Patther phul" is _______________.
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Lichen
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Xerophytic plant
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Living stones
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Hydrophytic plant
"Patther phul" or stone flower or rock moss is a xerophytic plant or xerophytic shrub occurring wild on rocky ground( not much water present) As it is a plant which needs very little water it is called a xerophyte and occurs in the region of Gujarat
Choose the desert plant from the following:
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Lotus
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Banyan tree
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Opuntia
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Neem tree
One of the most commonly found plants in deserts is opuntia. it is a type of cactus. It is also called prickly pear. It is used to treat burns, diabetes, ulcers, inflammation, etc.
Xerophytes have very small leaves or spines to.
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Reduce weight
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Reduce loss of water
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Reduce volume
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Be beautiful
Xerophytes have very small leaves or spines to reduce loss of water.
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Xerophytic plants usually have less surface area than other plants, this reduces the area that is exposed to the air and helps in reducing water loss by evaporation process.
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These plants have smaller leaves and few branches than other plants.
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Some xerophytes plants have tiny hairs on their surface; this provides a wind break and reduces air flow, which reduces the rate of evaporation.
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In such environments the region under the leaves/spines is the place of transpiration and this place is more saturated than the normal water vapor.
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If there is less movement of air, there is reduced potential gradient of the water vapor hence reducing transpiration.
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Spines trap moisture and also slow the movement of air over the tissues.
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The color of these plants or of the waxes or hairs on its surface may help to reflect sunlight and reduce evaporation.
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Physiological Adaptations of Xeropyhtes
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Some xerophytic plants store water in structures like roots, trunks, stems and leaves. Water is stored in swollen parts of the plant known as succulence. A swollen trunk part or the root part at the ground level of a plant is called caudex.
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Stomata are tiny pores on the surface of xerophytic plants; they stay open only at night to reduce evaporation.
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These plants may secrete resins and waxes on their surface which reduce evaporation.
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Some plants drop their leaves in the times of dryness or they modify the leaves produced so that they are smaller and less surface area of the plants is exposed.
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Xerophytic plants may go dormant and stop growing during dry periods; they may also change the kind of photosynthesis or they may change the storage allotment of the products of photosynthesis by growing new leaves to the roots.
- Seeds also may be modified to require excessive amount of water before the process of germination, so to ensure that there is sufficient supply of water for the survival of the seedling.
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So, the correct answer is 'Reduce loss of water'
In xerophytes, the osmotic concentration of cell sap is
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Less than normal
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Normal
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More than normal
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No osmotic pressure at all
The osmotic concentration of cell sap is higher in xerophytes to allow them to absorb water in an otherwise water deficient environment. The higher osmotic concentration would mean a lower water potential. A lower water potential will be advantageous to xerophytes as water always flows from a higher water potential to lower water potential.
Plants give out water through the pores present under their leaves. The plants living in deserts need to reduce the loss of water because water is very scarce in deserts. Which of the following is an adaptation developed by the desert plants to manage the above situation?
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They have lots of branches and leaves.
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They do not shed leaves in the summer.
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They develop roots which come above the ground.
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Their leaves are modified into spines.
Most species of desert plants have lost true leaves, retaining only spines, which are highly modified leaves. As well as defending against herbivores, spines help prevent water loss by reducing air flow close to the cactus and providing some shade. In the absence of leaves, enlarged stems carry out photosynthesis.
Which is the trait that enabled the plants for the first time to colonise themselves on dry land?
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Lignified cell wall
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Vascular tissue
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Cuticle
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Stomata
The cuticle is a waxy coating over the surface of leaves and plants. It forms a waterproof coating over the surface of leaves and plants. It prevents water loss from plants and also prevents the plants from getting desiccated. It also prevents the intake of gases into the plants.
In cacti, the succulence is mostly in
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Stem
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Leaves
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Roots
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All of the above
In cacti, the succulence is mostly in the stems because the leaves of the cacti are reduced to thrones to minimize the surface areas and therefor the water evaporation through them. the cacti have a shallow widespread network of roots that enables them to absorb water, therefore the roots are not succulent. the cacti have thick stems that store maximum amount of water in the entire plant. So, the correct answer is 'Stem'.