Tag: effects of pollution on environment

Kyoto protocol was formally adopted in December, 1997 in an international conference held in Kyoto Japan. The protocol obtained commitments from different countries for reducing overall green house gas emissions at a level of 5 percent below 1990 level by 2008 to 2012 for different countries.

• Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty signed by 192 parties that agrees to reduce greenhouse gas emissions caused by global warming or human-made carbon dioxide emissions.
• The Protocol's first commitment period is from 2008 to 2012. 
  
• The second commitment period was agreed on in 2012 and is known as the Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol which extends till 2020.
  
• So, the correct answer is '2013-2020'.

Kyoto Protocol was adopted in the year 1997  in Kyoto, Japan. It's objective is to phase out the greenhouse gases that are responsible for global warming and climate change.

Montreal Protocol is treaty on the release of substance that deplete the ozone layer. CFC is the main substance that destruct the ozone layer into $O _2$ and nascent oxygen in the presence of UV rays. Thus, the correct answer is 'CFC'.

The Earth Summit of Rio de Janeiro, also known as the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), was held in Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June 1992. It resulted in the convention on biodiversity, a multilateral treaty. Three major goals were addressed in this convention which included: conservation of biodiversity; sustainable use of its components; and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the genetic resources. It was not related to air pollution.

The Earth Summit of Rio de Janeiro, also known as the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), was held in Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June 1992. It resulted in the Convention on Biodiversity, a multilateral treaty. Three major goals were addressed in this convention which included: conservation of biodiversity; sustainable use of its components; and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the genetic resources.

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) was signed at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on 5th June 1992 and entered into force on 29 December 1993.

The Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro (1992) was a conference of the United Nations. It stressed on the conservation of biological diversity and focussed on the sustainable use of the biological components. It also emphasized on the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources among the member nations. Thus the correct answer is option C.

Recognising the deleterious effects of ozone depletion, an international treaty, known as the Montreal Protocol, was signed at Montreal (Canada) in 1987 (effective in 1989) to control the emission of ozone depleting substances.