Tag: therapeutic action of different classes of drugs

Questions Related to therapeutic action of different classes of drugs

Which of the following will not act as antacid?

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. Sodium hydrogencarbonate

  2. Magnesium hydroxide

  3. Sodium carbonate

  4. Aluminium carbonate

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

An antacid is a substance which neutralises stomach acidity and is used to relieve heartburn, indigestion or an upset stomach.
Antacids contain alkaline ions that chemically neutralise stomach gastric acid, reducing damage and relieving pain.
Examples of antacids are-
Sodium hydrogencarbonate,Magnesium hydroxide,Aluminium carbonate,Aluminium hydroxide.

Sodium carbonate known as washing soda is quite alkaline in nature and has a horrid soapy taste. It is not very palatable and could burn the throat. Bicarbonate is much gentler and not as strongly alkaline, and therefor more palatable. Hence, it will not act as Antacid.

The main cause of acidity in the stomach is :

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. release of extra gastric acids which decrease the pH level

  2. indigestion and pain in large intestine

  3. increase the pH level in stomach

  4. release of extra bile juice which increases alkaline medium in stomach

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An antacid is a substance which neutralises stomach acidity and is used to relieve heartburn, indigestion or an upset stomach.

Antacids contain alkaline ions that chemically neutralise stomach gastric acid, reducing damage and relieving pain.
Gastric acid is a digestive fluid formed in the stomach and is composed of hydrochloric acid ($HCl$), potassium chloride ($KCl$) and sodium chloride ($NaCl$). If gastric acid is released in the stomach the Ph level decreases and thereby increasing acidity in the stomach.

Which of the following statements is not correct?

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. Some disinfectants can be used as antiseptic at low concentration.

  2. Aspirin is analgesic and antipyretic.

  3. Norethindrone is an antihistamine.

  4. Chloramphenicol is a broad spectrum antibiotic.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Same substances can act as an antiseptic as well as a disinfectant by varying the concentration. For example, 0.2 per cent solution of phenol is an antiseptic while its one per cent solution is disinfectant.
  • Aspirin acts as both analgesic and Antipyretic.
  • Antihistamines interfere with the natural action of histamine by competing with histamine for binding sites of receptor where histamine exerts its effect. Synthetic drugs, brompheniramine (Dimetapp) and terfenadine (Seldane), act as antihistamines.
  • Norethindrone is an example of a synthetic progesterone derivative most widely used as an antifertility drug.
  • Chloramphenicol is a broad spectrum antibiotic.
  • Hence, option B is not a correct statement.

The pair whose both species are used in antacid medicinal preparation is:

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. $NaHCO _3$ nad $Mg(OH) _2$

  2. $Na _2CO _3$ and $Ca(HCO _3) _2$

  3. $Ca(HCO _3) _2$ and $Mg(OH) _2$

  4. $Ca(OH) _2$ and $NaHCO _3$

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • An antacid is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity and is used to relieve heartburn, indigestion or an upset stomach.
  • It is also used to relieve symptoms of extra gas such as belching, bloating, and feelings of pressure/discomfort in the stomach/gut. Aluminum and magnesium antacids work quickly to lower the acid in the stomach.
  • Generally $NaHCO _3$ and $Mg(OH) _2$ are used in antacid medicinal preparation.

Cimetidine acts as:

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. antibiotic

  2. antifertility drug

  3. antihistamine

  4. antipyretic

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Cimetidine is a histamine $H _2$-receptor antagonist, that inhibits stomach acid production. It is largely used in the treatment of heartburn and peptic ulcers. So it acts as an antihistamine.

Aspirine is a an:

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. Antiseptic

  2. Antipyretic

  3. Antimalarial

  4. Narcotic

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Aspirine is an analgesic (meaning it helps pain), and an antipyretic (meaning it reduces fever.)


Option B is correct

Assertion : Cimetidine is an antacid.
Reason : Antacid increases secretion of HCI from gastric cells.

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

  2. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

  3. If assertion is true but reason is false.

  4. If both assertion and reason are false.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Climetidine is an antacid which suppress secretion of HCl.

Milk of magnesia is used as:

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. antichlor

  2. antacid

  3. antiseptic

  4. food preservative

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Milk of magnesia consists of Magnesium hydroxide.

Antacid is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity and used to relieve heatburn, indigestion. So, we use bases like Magnesium hydroxide or Sodium Carbonate.

Antacids are ______.

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. drugs or other compounds that inhibits the physiological effects of histamine, used especially in the treatment of allergies.

  2. (of a drug) used to relieve pain.

  3. medicinal drugs taken to reduce tension or anxiety.

  4. (chiefly of a medicine) used to prevent or correct acidity, especially in the stomach.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Antacid are drugs or medicines used to prevent or correct acidity, especially in the stomach.
Examples are Cimetidine, Ranitidine, etc.

_______ is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity, which in turn relieves heartburn, indigestion or stomach upset.

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. Antibiotic

  2. Antacid

  3. Disinfectant

  4. Anti-fertility drug

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

An antacid (derived from the word "anti-acid") is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity, which in turn relieves heartburn, indigestion or stomach upset.
Histamine and cimetidine are examples of antacids.