Tag: nanochemistry

Quantum dot is a Semi conductor made up of Nano particles.Basically a single electron trapped inside a cage of atoms and when the dot is exposed to a pulse of light at the right time and wavelength, the electron is raised to an exited state. Thus when the electron fall back to its ground state, these dots then have the ability to glow. Quantum dots are a special class of materials known as semiconductor. Quantum dots are very special because they are so small that 4,000,000 dots take up 2 cm. Hence option C is correct.

$\text{Nano wire and Nano tubes :}$

• The size and surface characteristics of nanoparticles can be easily
  manipulated. This could be used for both passive and active drug
  targeting
• Nanoparticles can be made to control and sustain release of the drug during the transportation as well as the location of the release.
  Since distribution and subsequent clearance of the drug from the body can be altered, an increase in drug therapeutic efficacy and reduction in side effects can be achieved.
• Choosing an appropriate matrix also helps in increasing the efficacy and reducing side effects
• Targeted drugs may be developed
• Various routes of administration including oral, nasal, injection, intra-ocular (within the eyes) etc. can be used.
• Hence option D is correct.

Two principal factors cause the properties of nanomaterials to differ  significantly from other materials: increased relative surface area, and
quantum effects. These factors can change or enhance properties such as
reactivity, strength and electrical characteristics.
Increased relative surface area, and quantum effects of nano particles increases the :

All are having one dimension and can extend up to other two dimensions also.

Nanomaterials have atleast one dimension between 1 nm and 100 nm.

• The size and surface characteristics of nanoparticles can be easily
  manipulated. This could be used for both passive and active drug targeting
• Nanoparticles can be made to control and sustain release of the drug during the transportation as well as the location of the release.
  Since distribution and subsequent clearance of the drug from the body
  can be altered, an increase in drug therapeutic efficacy and reduction in side effects can be achieved.
• Choosing an appropriate matrix also helps in increasing the efficacy and reducing side effects
• Targeted drugs may be developed
• Various routes of administration including oral, nasal, injection, intra-ocular (within the eyes) etc. can be used.
• Hence option D is correct.

Carbon nano tubes are made up of carbon nano particles. Example: Fullerene is the allotrope of carbon. It is also a nanomaterial. The cylindrical fullerene is called as carbon nano tube. 

Nanomaterials are not simply another step in the miniaturization of  materials or particles. They often require very different production approaches. There are several processes to create various sizes of nanomaterials, classified as top-down and bottom-up. Although large numbers of nanomaterials are currently at the laboratory stage of manufacture, many of them already are being commercialized. Hence option D is correct.

The size of a nanoparticle is  about 50000 times smaller than the diameter of a single strand of human hair and 1/100th of a typical bacterium.