Tag: introduction to medieval india

Archaeological evidence for many crafts may not have survived. Many crafts persons and merchants formed associations known as shrenis. These shrenis of crafts persons provided training, procured raw material, and distributed the finished product. 

Archaeological excavation of Mehrgarh has revealed that the earliest settlers were involved in domestication of animals and agriculture. They mainly cultivated barley and wheat. Many mud - brick structures, which are compartmented, have been discovered at Mehrgarh. Most likely they were granaries. During the early period these people used  stone tools. Polished stone - axes, flint blades and pointers have been found from this site.

• Manu Smriti is considered to be the oldest Smriti.
• It is variously dated to be from the 2nd century BCE to 3rd century CE.
• It presents itself as a discourse given by dharma topics such as duties, rights, laws, conduct, virtues and others

Ksemendra, an 11th-century Sanskrit poet from Kashmir in India was known for his satires exposing the evils of contemporary society.

• The Rajatarangini of Kalhana was composed in the twelfth century.
• It is a metrical legendary and historical chronicle of the north-western Indian subcontinent, particularly the kings of Kashmir.

• Kalpasutra was authored by Bhadrabahu.
• It is a Jain text containing the biographies of the Jain Tirthankaras, notably Parshvanatha and Mahavira.

Chachnamah, originally written in Persian, is one of the main historical sources for the history of Sindh in the seventh to eighth centuries CE.

Kalilah wa Dimna, a book containing a collection of fables is an Arabic version of the Panchtantra.

An artifact, or artifact, is something made or given shape by humans, such as a tool or a work of art, especially an object of archaeological interest. Artifacts are archaeological sources. The ornaments, tools, and pottery that were made in the past are found due to archaeological excavations and help to know about the past. Hence, Option A is correct. Among the rest, inscriptions are a historical, religious, or another record cut, impressed, painted, or written on stone, brick, metal, or another hard surface, like a pillar of stone. A coin is a small, flat round piece of metal or plastic used primarily as a medium of exchange or legal tender. A monument is a type of—usually three-dimensional—structure that was explicitly created to commemorate a person or event, or which has become relevant to a social group as a part of their remembrance of historic times or cultural heritage, due to its artistic, historical, political, technical or architectural importance, like the Taj Mahal. Hence, these are incorrect.