Tag: growth and personality development

• The passing on of traits from the parents to their offsprings by reproduction (asexual or sexual) is called heredity.
  
• The life cycle of an organism can be defined as a sequence of life stages or events an organism undergoes from birth to reproduction.
• Reproduction is the process by which new organisms or offspring are produced by their parents
• The fusion of male and female gamete is called fertilization.
• So, the correct answer is 'i and ii only'.
  

The term germplasm was first used by the German biologist August Weismann. His germplasm theory states that multicellular organisms consist of germ cells that contain and transmit heritable information and somatic cells which carryout ordinary bodily functions. In the germplasm theory, inheritance in a muticellular organism only takes place by means of the germ cells: the gametes, such as egg cells and sperm cells. Other cells of the body do not function as agents of heredity.

Hammerling began growing acetabularia in laboratories in the 1930s. There he discovered that the plant had one cell and the nucleus was always located in the rhizoid. Then he began studying the roles of the nucleus and cytoplasm by experimenting with the acetabularia. He demonstrated that nucleus has the genetic material which regulates the inheritance of characters.

So, the correct answer is option C.

• Mendel is widely considered a pioneer in the field of genetics. Gregor Mendel, known as the "father of modern genetics," was born in Austria. A monk, Mendel discovered the basic principles of heredity through experiments in his monastery's garden. 
• His experiments showed that the inheritance of certain traits in pea plants follows particular patterns, subsequently becoming the foundation of modern genetics and leading to the study of heredity.

Heredity can be defined as the passing of traits from parents to their offspring, either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction. This is the process by which an offspring cell or organism acquires or becomes predisposed to the characteristics of its parent cell or organism. Through heredity, variations exhibited by individuals can accumulate and cause some species to evolve through the natural selection of specific phenotype traits. The study of heredity in biology is called genetics, which includes the field of epigenetics. Study of heredity deals with resemblances and differences between the parents and offsprings. Thus, option A is correct and other options are wrong.

Cats produces cats. This statement indicates the inheritance of characters from the parents to offspring. Genes are the fundamental unit which carries the characters from one generation to the other. This tendency of inheritance of genotypic and phenotypic character is known as heredity.

During sexual reproduction, traits from parents are transmitted to offspring. These are combinations of male and female parent. This is called heredity.