Tag: water borne diseases

W.malayi also called as brugia malayi are the important agents of bancroftian and brugian(it is sometimes referred to as Malayan)filariasis. In contrast to many other mosquito-borne infections of medical significance, lymphatic filariae are transmitted by not just one but by several genera of mosquitoes.

 Female mosquito have mouthparts that pierce food items to enable sucking of internal fluids. In female mosquitoes, all mouthparts are elongated. The labium encloses all other mouthparts like a sheath. The labrum forms the main feeding tube, through which blood is sucked. Paired mandibles and maxillae are present, together forming the stylet, which is used to pierce an animal's skin. During piercing, the labium remains outside the food item's skin, folding away from the stylet. Saliva containing anticoagulants, is injected into the food item and blood sucked out, each through different tubes.

Culex causes filariasis, bird malaria. Its body rests parallel to the surface or substratum. Whereas Anopheles causes malaria. The body is slender and rests at an angle to the surface or substratum.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

A malaria control method that targets mosquito larvae and pupae as they mature in standing water could be an important supplementary measure in the fight against the disease. Larval source management (LSM) is a method that targets immature mosquitoes, found in standing water before the females develop into flying adults that are capable of transmitting malaria. This is done by permanently removing standing water, for example by draining or filling land; making temporary changes to mosquito habitats to disrupt breeding, for example by clearing drains to make the water flow; or larviciding by adding chemicals or biological larvicides to standing water to kill larvae.

• Quinine and other cinchona alkaloids including quinidine and cinchonine are effective against malaria.
  
• So, the correct answer is 'Quinine'.

The western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) is a species of freshwater fish, also known commonly as simply mosquitofish. Mosquitofish were introduced directly into ecosystems in many parts of the world as a biocontrol to lower mosquito populations, which in turn negatively affected many other species in each distinct bioregion. Based on diet, mosquitofish are classified as larvivorous fish. Their diet consists of zooplankton, small insects and insect larvae, and detritus material. Mosquitofish feed on mosquito larvae at all stages of life. Adult females can consume hundreds of mosquito larvae in one day.