Tag: integrated circuits & microprocessor

Questions Related to integrated circuits & microprocessor

Which of the following is used for the fabrication of Integrated circuits?

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. Semiconductors

  2. Metals

  3. Insulators

  4. Alloys.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An integrated circuit is an electronic circuit formed on a small piece of semiconducting material, which performs the same function as a larger circuit made from discrete components. A semiconductor such as silicon can be controlled to conduct much or little. This allows making transistors that control each other.

Integrated circuits are preferred over conventional circuits because:

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. They are very compact in size.

  2. They are cheap.

  3. They are fast and more efficient.

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Integrated circuits are electronic circuits formed on a small piece of semiconducting material, which perform the same function as a larger circuit made from discrete components. They are compact, and cheap and fast and more efficient than conventional circuits, and hence they are preferred over them.

Which of the following is a characteristic of analog ICs?

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. They can be used for analog input and output signals only.

  2. They cannot be used for analog input and output signals.

  3. Input signal is analog but output signal is digital.

  4. Output signal is analog but input signal is digital.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Analog circuits are circuits dealing with signals free to vary from zero to full power supply voltage. This stands in contrast to digital circuits, which almost exclusively employ 'all or nothing' signals. Both the input and output signals are analog here.

Which of the following is not a type of an IC?

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. Analog IC

  2. Digital IC

  3. Mixed IC

  4. Compound IC

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Analog circuits are circuits dealing with signals free to vary from zero to full power supply voltage. This stands in contrast to digital circuits, which almost exclusively employ “all or nothing” signals.
A mixed integrated circuit is any integrated circuit that has both analog circuits and digital circuits on a single semiconductor device.

Which of the following applications is not based on use of ICs?

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. Microprocessor chip.

  2. Laptops and personal computers.

  3. Mobile phones.

  4. Transformers.

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Microprocessor chip, laptops and personal computer and mobiles phones, all have IC based design which makes them small and relatively cheaper.

Transformers have the conventional circuits because of their high power requirement which cannot be handled by ICs.

The order of size of an IC is:

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. $10^{-3} - 10^{-1} m$

  2. $10^{1} - 10^{3} m$

  3. $10^{-1} - 10^{1} m$

  4. $10^{-9} - 10^{-6} m$

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An integrated circuit is an electronic circuit formed on a small piece of semiconducting material, which performs the same function as a larger circuit made from discrete components. Their main advantage is the small size of the circuit, which is of the order of $10^{-3}m$ to $10^{-1}m$.

Use of ICs has lead to an increase in speed of PCs. Current processor speeds in personal computers is of the order of:

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. $kHz$

  2. $MHz$

  3. $GHz$

  4. $THz$

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

An integrated circuit is a circuit in which all or some of the circuit elements are inseparably associated and electrically interconnected so that it is considered to be indivisible for the purposes of construction and commerce. These have revolutionized the electronic industry by increasing the processing speed of computers by making them reach in order of GigaHertz.

Integrated circuit is defined as:

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. a single electronic circuit on a small plate of semiconductor material.

  2. a set of electronic circuits on one small plate of semiconductor material.

  3. a circuit capable of generating dc currents.

  4. a plate of semiconductor material used to connect external multiple circuits

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

An 'integrated circuit' is an electronic circuit formed on a small piece of semiconducting material, which performs the same function as a larger circuit made from discrete components. It is also called a chip or microchip.

The device that can act as a complete electronic circuit is -

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. Junction diode

  2. Integrated circuit

  3. Junction transistor

  4. Zener diode

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Integrated circuit is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece of semiconductor material, normally silicon. So, it forms a complete electronic circuit.

According to Moore's Law:

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. The memory capacity of a chip is constant.

  2. The memory capacity of a chip doubles every one and a half-years.

  3. The memory capacity of a chip increases by ten times every one and a half-years.

  4. The memory capacity of chip decreases with time.

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Moore's law states that the number of transistors in per square inch of an IC would be doubled after every two or one and a half years i.e. the memory capacity of a chip doubles every one and a half years.