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Diseases caused by mosquitoes - class-IX

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The pathogen transmitted through female mosquito causing chronic inflammation of the lymphatic vessels of the lower limbs in man is__________

  1. Ascaris sp.

  2. E. histolytica

  3. Streptococcus pneumoniae

  4. W. malayi


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

W.malayi also called as brugia malayi are the important agents of bancroftian and brugian(it is sometimes referred to as Malayan)filariasis. In contrast to many other mosquito-borne infections of medical significance, lymphatic filariae are transmitted by not just one but by several genera of mosquitoes.

So, the correct option is 'W.malayi'.

The mouth parts of Anopheles are adapted to

  1. Biting and chewing type feeding

  2. Piercing and sucking type feeding

  3. Chewing type feeding

  4. Sucking type feeding


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 Female mosquito have mouthparts that pierce food items to enable sucking of internal fluids. In female mosquitoes, all mouthparts are elongated. The labium encloses all other mouthparts like a sheath. The labrum forms the main feeding tube, through which blood is sucked. Paired mandibles and maxillae are present, together forming the stylet, which is used to pierce an animal's skin. During piercing, the labium remains outside the food item's skin, folding away from the stylet. Saliva containing anticoagulants, is injected into the food item and blood sucked out, each through different tubes.

So, the correct option is B. ( Piercing and Sucking type )

Which state of Plasmodium is infective for mosquito?

  1. Sporozoite

  2. Ookinete

  3. Trophozoite

  4. Gametocyte


Correct Option: A

The difference between Culex and Anopheles is

  1. Culex sits antiparallel to the substratum

  2. Anopheles sits at an angle to the substratum

  3. Anopheles sits parallel to the substartum

  4. Culex sits at an angle to the substratum


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Culex causes filariasis, bird malaria. Its body rests parallel to the surface or substratum. Whereas Anopheles causes malaria. The body is slender and rests at an angle to the surface or substratum.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Spread of Malaria can be best controlled by ______________.

  1. Killing adult mosquito only.

  2. Proper medical treatment only.

  3. Making the mosquito breeding places unsuitable for completion of life-cycle.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A malaria control method that targets mosquito larvae and pupae as they mature in standing water could be an important supplementary measure in the fight against the disease. Larval source management (LSM) is a method that targets immature mosquitoes, found in standing water before the females develop into flying adults that are capable of transmitting malaria. This is done by permanently removing standing water, for example by draining or filling land; making temporary changes to mosquito habitats to disrupt breeding, for example by clearing drains to make the water flow; or larviciding by adding chemicals or biological larvicides to standing water to kill larvae.

The parasite which has been recently eradicated from India is?

  1. Leishmania donovani

  2. Dracunculus medinensis

  3. Toxoplasma gondii

  4. Taenia solium


Correct Option: A

Which among the following is anti-malaria?

  1. Phenol

  2. Quinine

  3. Salol

  4. Aspirin


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • Quinine and other cinchona alkaloids including quinidine and cinchonine are effective against malaria.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Quinine'.

Female Anopheles mosquito cannot transmit elephantiasis because 

  1. Filarial worms (microfilaria) do not enter Anopheles mosquito.

  2. Microfilaria worms are digested in the gut of Anopheles.

  3. Anopheles mosquito does not bite humans suffering from filariasis.

  4. Mouth part of Anopheles mosquito are not compatible to microfilaria.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Female Anopheles mosquito is a vector of the parasite called Plasmodium that causes malaria. Female Anopheles mosquito picks up the parasite from infected people when they bite to obtain blood needed to nurture their eggs. It cannot transmit elephantiasis because the filarial worms like wuchararia do not enter Anopheles mosquito.
So the correct answer is 'filarial worms (microfilaria) do not enter Anopheles mosquito'.

Fish which eradicates mosquito larvae is

  1. Rohu

  2. Anabas

  3. Clarius

  4. Gambusia


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) is a species of freshwater fish, also known commonly as simply mosquitofish. Mosquitofish were introduced directly into ecosystems in many parts of the world as a biocontrol to lower mosquito populations, which in turn negatively affected many other species in each distinct bioregion. Based on diet, mosquitofish are classified as larvivorous fish. Their diet consists of zooplankton, small insects and insect larvae, and detritus material. Mosquitofish feed on mosquito larvae at all stages of life. Adult females can consume hundreds of mosquito larvae in one day.

Which stage of Plasmodium is infective for Mosquito

  1. Trophozoite

  2. Gametocyte

  3. Ookinete

  4. Sporozoite


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Gametocyte is infective stage for female anopheles mosquito because optimum temperature for growth of gametocyte is present in their body.

Motile elongate zygote of Plasmodium occurs in

  1. Human RBCs

  2. Human liver

  3. Salivary glands of mosquito (Anopheles)

  4. Gut of mosquito (Anopheles)


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The motile zygote formed by fertilization of macro gameteby a micro gameteis called ooKinete. It  occurs in gut of mosquito. 

We should not allow mosquitoes to breed in our surroundings because they

  1. Multiply very fast and contaminate food

  2. Are vectors for many diseases.

  3. Bite and cause skin diseases.

  4. Are not important insects.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Mosquitoes cause more human suffering than any other organism. Mosquito acts as a vector for the bacteria and viruses, responsible for the diseases such as malaria, dengue, encephalitis and yellow fever etc. When mosquito bites a human it causes severe skin irritation through an allergic reaction to the mosquito's saliva, this is what causes the red bump and itching.

Vector of malarial parasite is____________.

  1. Male Culex

  2. Female Anopheles

  3. Female Aedes

  4. Female Culex


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites. The parasites are spread to people through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes, called "malaria vectors."

So, the correct answer is 'Female Anopheles'.

Which of the following pair is correct?

  1. E. Coli - parasitic

  2. Culex - elephantiasis

  3. Bed bug - kala-azar

  4. Plasmodium - sleeping sickness


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Elephantiasis is painful, swelling of the legs and genital organs. It is a classic sign of late-stage disease. It is caused by Culex mosquito which carries filarial worms. 
E.coli lives in our intestine and it is not parasitic.
Kala-azar is a parasitic disease transmitted by the bite of infected female sandflies.
Sleeping sickness is a parasitic disease of humans and other animals. It is caused by protozoa of the species Trypanosoma brucei.
So the correct option is 'Culex- elephantiasis'.

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Malaria is caused by female anopheles.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The causative agent of malaria is Plasmodium vivax and female anopheles act as a vector. 

So, the correct option is 'False'.

Female Anopheles mosquito is carrier of a pathogen that causes

  1. malaria

  2. dengue

  3. yellow fever

  4. filariasis.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Malaria is caused by the toxins produced in the human body by malarial parasite Plasmodium. Malarial parasite is carried from the infected to the healthy persons by the female Anopheles mosquito.

What is common in both Culex and Anopheles?

  1. Both sit obliquely while resting on a plane

  2. Both have dark spotted wings

  3. Both have three pairs of legs, last pair is held up in the air while sitting

  4. Both lay eggs in rafts


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Culex is a genus of mosquitoes which carries worms of filariasis, Japanese encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, and avian malaria. 
Anopheles is a genus of mosquito first described and named by J. W. Meigen in 1818. About 460 species are recognized, while over 100 can transmit human malaria. Both Culex and Anopheles have three pairs of legs, the last pair is held up in the air while sitting. 

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
In the malarial parasite, oocyst is formed in the:

  1. erythrocytes of man

  2. liver cells of man

  3. stomach wall of the female mosquito

  4. blood of the female mosquito


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The female Anopheles mosquito, when it withdraws blood the infected malarial patient, the male and female gametes enter into the mosquito gut, when the two male and female gametes fuse together and form a zygote, which develops into ookinetes that burrow into the mosquito midgut wall to develop into oocysts.

So, the correct option is 'stomach wall of the female mosquito'.

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
The vector of sleeping sickness is:

  1. house fly

  2. sand fly

  3. mosquito

  4. tsetse fly


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Trypanosoma brucei gambiense are the two parasites causes sleeping sickness. Tsetse flies which acts as a carrier of the infection. 

So, the correct option is 'tsetse fly'.

Mosquito larvae can be prevented to grow in ponds$/$ rice fields by inoculating them with

  1. Microcystis

  2. Aphanizomenon

  3. Oscillatoria

  4. Aulosira


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

There are different ways to prevent mosquito larvae to grow in ponds and rice fields. These can be done by not allowing the water to get stagnant. Also, it can be prevented by inoculating it with Microcystis cyanobacteria. Microcystis aeruginosa causes death of the larvae by producing neurotoxins and hepatotoxins.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Microcystis.'

Mosquito larva breathes through

  1. Spiracles

  2. Siphon

  3. Lungs

  4. Spiracles & siphon


Correct Option: A

Mosquito breeding occurs in 

  1. Stagnant water.

  2. Sea.

  3. River.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Mosquitoes breed in stagnant, standing fresh water oftentimes found around the home. In tin cans, buckets discarded tires and other artificial containers that hold stagnant water. In untended pools, birdbaths, clogged rain gutters, and plastic wading pools that hold stagnant water.

So, the correct answer is 'Stagnant water.'.
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