Tag: cellular respiration

Questions Related to cellular respiration

When you add yeast to dough, it rises because

biology the respiratory system anaerobic respiration in organisms anaerobic and aerobic respiration cellular respiration

  1. Yeast cells reproduce by budding

  2. Budding yeast cells form colonies

  3. Of the bulk of the new yeast cells

  4. The rapidly reproducing yeast cells release carbon dioxide due to anaerobic respiration

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  • The yeast changes the sugar in the dough into carbon dioxide gas and ethanol (alcohol).
  •  The gas, trapped in the dough, makes it rise; the alcohol produced during fermentation evaporates during baking. Hence, When you add yeast to the dough, it rises because the rapidly reproducing yeast cells release carbon dioxide due to anaerobic respiration.
So, the correct answer is 'The rapidly reproducing yeast cells release carbon dioxide due to anaerobic respiration'.

When you add yeast to dough, it rises because

biology the respiratory system anaerobic respiration in organisms anaerobic and aerobic respiration cellular respiration

  1. Yeast cells reproduce by budding.

  2. Budding yeast cells form colonies.

  3. The rapidly reproducing yeast cells release carbon dioxide due to anaerobic respiration.

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Yeast are the organism that executes the process of fermentation in which they break down the sugar into its simpler forms for obtaining energy. In this process carbon dioxide and alcohol are also forms and CO$ _2$ helps the dough to rise. The process is favorable in humid and warm conditions in colder environment it slows down.

So, the correct answer is 'The rapidly reproducing yeast cells release carbon dioxide due to anaerobic respiration'.

Which substance is produced in anaerobic respiration by an organism but not in aerobic respiration?

biology the respiratory system anaerobic respiration in organisms anaerobic and aerobic respiration cellular respiration

  1. Carbon dioxide

  2. Water

  3. Ethanol

  4. Acetic acid

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration in which alcohol is formed by the breakdown of glucose in the absence of oxygen. It usually done by the yeast. In alcoholic fermentation, pyruvic acid is converted into ethanol with the liberation of carbon dioxide. The alcoholic fermentation equation is as follows: 
C$ _6$H$ _{12}$O$ _6$ + 2 ADP + P --> 2 C$ _2$H$ _5$OH + 2 CO$ _2$ + 2 ATP

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

The end product of anaerobic respiration, in plants, is

biology the respiratory system anaerobic respiration in organisms anaerobic and aerobic respiration cellular respiration

  1. Pyruvic acid

  2. Malic acid

  3. Ethyl alcohol

  4. Methyl alcohol

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Anaerobic respiration refers to the type of respiration that takes place without oxygen. In plants, the glucose is anaerobically converted to ethyl alcohol, ATP and carbon dioxide.

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Lack of oxygen in muscles often leads to cramps among cricketers.
This results due to

biology the respiratory system anaerobic respiration in organisms anaerobic and aerobic respiration cellular respiration

  1. Conversion of pyruvate to ethanol

  2. Conversion of pyruvate to glucose

  3. Non conversion of glucose to pyruvate

  4. Conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Intracellular acidosis occurs due to lactic acid accumulation, it has been regarded as the most important cause of skeletal muscle fatigue. Lactic acid is formed and accumulated in the muscle under conditions of high energy demand, rapid fluctuations of the energy requirement and insufficient supply of oxygen. Subsequently, the pyruvate synthesised during glycolysis is converted to lactic acid in anaerobic condition. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct?
(i) Pyruvate can be converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide by yeast.
(ii) Fermentation takes place in aerobic bacteria.
(iii) Fermentation takes place in mitochondria.
(iv) Fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration.

biology the respiratory system anaerobic respiration in organisms anaerobic and aerobic respiration cellular respiration

  1. (i) and (iii)

  2. (ii) and (iv)

  3. (i) and (iv)

  4. (ii) and (iii)

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Fermentation is an anaerobic process which takes place in the absence of oxygen that converts sugar to acids or alcohol. It occurs in yeast, bacteria, and also in oxygen-starved muscle cells, as in the case of lactic acid fermentation. 

So, the correct answer is option C.

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Facultative anaerobes may live with or without oxygen.

biology the respiratory system anaerobic respiration in organisms anaerobic and aerobic respiration cellular respiration

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Facultative anaerobes are organisms which can switch over to the anaerobic mode of respiration when needed they can also grow in absence of oxygen. 

So, the correct option is 'True'.

The muscle fatigue occurs due to the accumulation of

biology the respiratory system anaerobic respiration in organisms anaerobic and aerobic respiration cellular respiration

  1. lactic acid

  2. glycogen

  3. creatine phosphate

  4. carbon dioxide

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Long-term muscle use requires the delivery of oxygen and glucose to the muscle fibre to allow aerobic respiration to occur, producing the ATP required for muscle contraction. If the respiratory or circulatory system cannot keep up with demand, then energy will be generated by the much less efficient anaerobic respiration.
In aerobic respiration, pyruvate produced by glycolysis is converted into additional ATP molecules in the mitochondria via the Krebs Cycle. With insufficient oxygen, pyruvate cannot enter the Krebs cycle and instead accumulates in the muscle fibre. Pyruvate is continually processed into lactic acid. With pyruvate accumulation, lactic acid production is also increased. This lactic acid accumulation in the muscle tissue reduces the pH, making it more acidic and producing the stinging feeling in muscles and induces fatigue.
So, the correct option is 'lactic acid'.

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given :
Why would an organism utilize fermentation if it was wasteful of the energy in food molecules and posed the threat f killing itself with high levels of toxic alcohol?

biology the respiratory system anaerobic respiration in organisms anaerobic and aerobic respiration cellular respiration

  1. Organism can survive short spells of anaerobic conditions and maintain growth and reproduction

  2. If glucose levels are not high, there may be time to disperse the alcohol waste

  3. Fermentation can provide a rapid burst of ATP since it does not have to go through the full breakdown cycle

  4. All of the above are advantages

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • Anaerobic respiration is done by the organisms which live in a condition with very little oxygen or no oxygen at all such as some of the bacteria and prokaryotic organisms. 
  • Also the cells in the body of a multicellular organism when they are used for extreme physical active where the body may not be able to provide oxygen to each and every cells. For example muscles of arms and legs while excriseing. 
  • In anaerobic condition the glucose molecule will undergo glycolysis where it is broken down to 2 molecules of pyruvate wilt the net gain of 2 ATP after which dur to unavailability of oxygen the pyruvate will under go lactic acid fermentation or alcoholic fermentation where the pyruvate molecule is converted to lactic acid or ethanol & carbon dioxide respectively with the regeneration of NAD for the continuation of glycolysis. 
  • Prokaryotic organisms perform this type of respiration as they do not have membrane bound organelles like mitochondria which is required for the competion of the aerobic cellular respiration. 
  • Also some of the aerobic respiring cells can survive in no oxygen condition for sometime by respiring this way. But they are usually under a stressful condition where they cells will not grow or divide as they whole energy will be focused on conserving energy and surviving. 
  • And prokaryotic organisms which mostly have cellular level of organisation or a single celled they are provided with immediate burst of ATP by breaking down glucose by glycolysis. 
  • Therefore the correct answer for this option B and C

Rajeev was absent in the class because of muscle pain which he claim to be due to excess physical exercise he had done yesterdays. This pain due to

biology the respiratory system anaerobic respiration in organisms anaerobic and aerobic respiration cellular respiration

  1. Formation of lactic acid

  2. Formation of acetic acid

  3. Formation of pyruvic acid

  4. Formation of hydrochloric acid

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Glycolysis breaks a glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules, producing a net gain of 2 ATP molecules. Lactic acid fermentation is the type of anaerobic respiration process carried out by yoghurt bacteria and by our own muscle cells when we work.
So the correct option is 'Formation of lactic acid'.