Tag: energy output
Questions Related to energy output
What is ATP?
-
A hormone
-
A protein
-
An enzyme which brings about oxidation
-
A molecule which contains high energy bond
- Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleotide with three phosphates. The ATP is produced by the addition of phosphorous to nucleoside adenosine.
- The first phosphate is attached by an ester bond. This bond is a normal covalent bond and not a high energy bond.
- The two-terminal phosphates are bonded by high energy acid anhydride bonds.
ATP stands for which of the following?
-
Adenosine phosphate
-
Adenine triphosphate
-
Adenosine diphosphate
-
Adenosine triphosphate
Chemically ATP is a nucleotide. In fact it is a higher order nucleotide because it contains not one but three phosphates. Compounds made up of (pentose) sugar and a nitrogenous base are called nucleosides. If the base is adenine, the nucleoside will be called adenosine.
$\sim P$ in ATP represents
-
Two bonds with high energy
-
Two moles of phosphorus
-
Three atoms of high energy phosphate
-
None of the above
Conversion of ATP to ADP releases
-
Energy
-
Enzyme
-
Hormone
-
Electricity
Adenosine Triphosphate or ATP has stored energy in its bond with the third phosphate group. However when required, ATP loses its third phosphate group to release energy and gets converted back to ADP. The energy released is in the form of chemical energy that the cells can use.
How many ATPs are required by $C _4$ plants in synthesis of one molecule of glucose
-
18 ATP
-
30 ATP
-
12 ATP
-
None of the above
Most of the plants that are adapted to dry tropical regions have the $C _{4}$ pathway. e.g. Sugarcane, Maize, Sorghum,etc. These plants are known as $C _{4}$ plants.For the formation of sugars, $C _{4}$ plants undergo $C _{4}$ cycle as well as $C _{3}$ cycle or Calvin cycle. In these plants double fixation of carbon dioxide occurs.
One mole of glucose on metabolism, liberate how many kilo calories of energy ?
-
180
-
80
-
160
-
380
On complete combustion of glucose (1 mole) to CO$ _{2}$ & H$ _{2}$O, approx. 686 kcal of energy is released. When 1 g of glucose respires aerobically by ETS, Glycolysis and Krebs cycle, around 38 ATP molecules are generated. The terminal group of a mole of ATP has around 10 kcal. Thus, 38 ATP molecules represent a yield of 380 kcal of energy.
-
3 and 2
-
9 and 6
-
18 and 12
-
12 and 18
For every $CO _{2}$ molecule entering the Calvin cycle, $3$ molecules of $ATP$ and $2$ molecules of NADPH are required. To make one molecule of glucose, $6$ turns of the cycles are required
In Out $6$ $CO _{2}$ $1\,\, glucose$ $18 ATP$ $18 ADP$ $12 NADPH$ $12 NADP$ So, the correct answer is ' 18 and 12'.
If two moles of glucose are oxidized in the body through respiration, the number of moles of ATP produced are.
-
19
-
38
-
57
-
76
The number of ATP molecules produced during the oxidation of $1$ molecule of glucose is
-
$12$
-
$18$
-
$32$
-
$38$
At the end of Krebs cycle, but before the electron transport chain, the oxidation of glucose has produced a net gain of -
-
$ 3CO _2 , 5 NADH _2 , 1 FADH _2 , 2 ATP$
-
$ 6CO _2 , 10 NADH _2 , 2 FADH _2 , 4 ATP$
-
$ 6CO _2 , 10 NADH _2 , 2FADH _2 , 38 ATP$
-
None of these
One molecule of the glucose that enters in the glycolysis produces 2 molecules pyruvate and 2 molecules of NADH$ _{2}$ and 2 ATP. 2 molecules of pyruvate will form 2 molecules of Acetyl Co-A and this will release 2 molecules of CO$ _{2}$ and 2 NADH$ _{2}$. These 2 Acetyl Co-A will enter into Kreb's cycle and will release 4CO$ _{2}$, 6NADH$ _{2}$, 2FADH$ _{2}$ and 2ATP.