Tag: home rule movement and khilafat movement

Kesari is a Marathi newspaper founded by Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak in 1881. He was an Indian nationalist, teacher, social reformer, lawyer and an independence activist. The newspaper was not established as profit making venture but as a way to spread political education among the common people and played an important role in the national movement.

Home Rule League was formed by Indian militant nationalist Bal Gangadhar Tilak and British social reformer and Indian independence leader Annie Besant. It lasted for two years from 1916 to 1918. Tilak’s group, founded at Poona concentrated its efforts mostly in western India, and that of Besant, set up at Madras had more of an all-India scope. It was Indian response to the WWI in a less charged way than the Ghadr movement led by Indian nationals living abroad.

Home Rule League was formed by Indian militant nationalist Bal Gangadhar Tilak and British social reformer and Indian independence leader Annie Besant. It lasted for two years from 1916 to 1918. Some of its objectives were establishment of self- government, revival of political activity on their own while maintaining the principles of congress, to build up an agitation for home rule by promoting political education and discussion, etc.

Annie Besant political reformer, women's rights activist, theosophist and Indian nationalist. She was the second President of The Theosophical Society from 1907 to 1933. The Theosophical Society was an organization formed in 1875 by Helena Blavatsky to advance Theosophy.

Annual festivals in memory of Shivaji and Lord Ganesha were started by Bal Gangadhar Tilak. These festivals were organized to build a national spirit among the common people in opposition to colonial rule. But the major drawback of these events was that although they were meant to be a way to oppose colonial rule, they also contributed to religious tensions.

The All India Home Rule League was a national political organization founded in April 1916 to lead the national demand for self-government, termed Home Rule, and to obtain the status of a Dominion within the British Empire as enjoyed by Australia, Canada at the time.

Lucknow Pact refers to an agreement reached between the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League at the joint session of both the parties, held in Lucknow, in the year 1916. Muhammad Ali Jinnah, then a member of the Congress as well as the League, made both the parties reach an agreement to pressure the British government to adopt a more liberal approach to India and give Indians more authority to run their country, besides safeguarding basic Muslim demands. Due to the reconciliation brought about by Jinnah between the Congress and the League, the Nightingale of India, Sarojini Naidu, gave him the title of “the Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity”.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak wrote about the deportation of Punjab in 1907 in his newspaper Kesari. The 1907 Punjab unrests were a period of unrest in the British Indian province of Punjab, principally around the Colonisation bill that was implemented in the province in 1906. Kesari is a Marathi newspaper founded by Lokmanya Tilak in 1881. The newspaper was not established as profit making venture but as a way to spread political education among the common people and played an important role in the national movement.