Tag: improvement in crop variety

Questions Related to improvement in crop variety

In breeding a new genetic variety of a crop by hybridisation, superior recombinants are self pollinated for several generations till they reach a state of 

biology improvement in food resources crop variety improvement improvement if crop varieties improvement in crop variety

  1. Uniformity

  2. Heterozygosity

  3. Homozygosity

  4. Both (1) and (3)

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

After the hybridization of two selected parent plant species, the recombinants with the desired combination of characters are selected. These hybrids are then self-pollinated for several generations so that they reach a state of uniformity or homozygosity so that the desired characters will not segregate in the progeny.

(Uniformity and Homozygosity are synonymous for the state of possessing two similar alleles for the same genes, one acquired from each parent.)
So, the correct answer is 'Uniformity' and 'Homozygosity'.

An improved insect resistant variety "Pusa Gaurav" is variety of _________

biology improvement in food resources crop variety improvement improvement if crop varieties improvement in crop variety

  1. Brassica

  2. Flat bean

  3. Cow pea

  4. Bhindi

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Pusa Gaurav is an insect resistant variety of Mustard or Brassica that shows resistant against the aphids.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Brassica'

Calculate the amount of $(NH _4) _2SO _4$ in $'g'$ which must be added to $500ml$ of $0.2\,M\,NH _3$ to yield a solution of $pH=9.35$ given $p^{k _b} (NH _3)=4.74$.(Given $10^{-0.09}=0.812$)

biology improvement in food resources crop variety improvement improvement if crop varieties improvement in crop variety

  1. $8\,g$

  2. $5.36\,g$

  3. $4.55\,g$

  4. $4.0\,g$

Show answer
Correct Option: A

How many documented varieties of Basmati rice are grown in india.

biology improvement in food resources crop variety improvement improvement if crop varieties improvement in crop variety

  1. $2,00,000$

  2. $50,000$

  3. $1000$

  4. $27$

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

(D) 27 varieties of documented basmatic rice are grown in India. It is known for excellent cooking and eating qualities and many improved varieties using plant breeding are developed which give tolerance to many disease or climate also increased yield.

The desired varieties of economically useful crops can be produced by_________

biology improvement in food resources crop variety improvement improvement if crop varieties improvement in crop variety

  1. Vernalisation

  2. Mutation

  3. Natural selection

  4. Hybridisation

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  • The mating or crossing of two plants or lines of dissimilar genotype is known as hybridization. 
  • The chief objective of hybridization is to create genetic variation when two genotypically different plants are brought together in F1. Segregation and recombination produce many new gene combinations in F2 and the later generations, i.e., the segregating generations. 
  • The degree of variation produced in the segregating generations would, therefore, depend on the number of heterozygous genes in the F1 which in turn depends upon the number of genes for which the two parents differ. 
  • The aim of hybridization may be the transfer of one or few qualitative characters, the improvement in one or more quantitative characters, or use the F1 as a hybrid variety. 
  • Breeding new crops are important for ensuring food security by developing new varieties that are higher-yielding, resistant to pests and diseases, drought-resistant or regionally adapted to different environments and growing conditions.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Classical plant breeding involves______________

biology improvement in food resources crop variety improvement improvement if crop varieties improvement in crop variety

  1. Crossing or hybridization of pure lines

  2. Artificial selection to produce plants with desired qualities

  3. Better yield, nutrition and resistance to disease

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  • Processes like the crossing of plants that have a pure line character, selection of plants that have desirable qualities and their artificial selection, obtaining a better yield of crops to improve nutrition and resistance to diseases are all parts of plant breeding. 

So, option D is the correct answer.

Technology that involves purposeful manipulation of plant species for the development of high yielding and disease-resistant varieties are______________

biology improvement in food resources crop variety improvement improvement if crop varieties improvement in crop variety

  1. Green revolution

  2. Plant breeding and introduction

  3. Conventional plant breeding

  4. Hybridization and mutation breeding

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  • Hybridization is defined as the process of interbreeding between two individuals of different plant species to obtain a hybrid that contains the genes of both the parent species due to genetic recombination. 
  • The process of developing a new variety by changing the genome through X-ray or UV radiation is known as mutation breeding. It is a quick method to obtain genetic variation. 
  • These are the two techniques that can be used for the development of the plant variety which gives high yield and resistance to diseases. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Method of preserving favourable variants and elimination of undesirable plants is termed as________

biology improvement in food resources crop variety improvement improvement if crop varieties improvement in crop variety

  1. Selection

  2. Hybrid

  3. Hybridization

  4. Somatic hybrids

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • The selection is the oldest method of plant breeding in which the two plants are selected on the basis of the superior characters. This method helps in the elimination of undesirable characters. The two plants are selected in order to preserve the favorable traits. This method involves the preservation of the plants which have superior characters. 
Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Which of these is not a major group of activities for improving crop yield?

biology improvement in food resources crop variety improvement improvement if crop varieties improvement in crop variety

  1. Crop protection management

  2. Crop production management

  3. Crop variety improvement

  4. Crop transport management

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Many different management programs are undertaken in order to improve the yield of the crop plants. The crop protection, production, and variety improvement are the management programs which help to enhance the yield of the crop. The transport management is not a part of crop yield increase. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

The crosses are made between two different species of the same genus is known as

biology improvement in food resources crop variety improvement improvement if crop varieties improvement in crop variety

  1. Interspecific hybridization

  2. Intraspecific hybridization

  3. Intra-varietal hybridization

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
The crossing between two plants of different species to produce a new variety is called hybridization. Genetically modified crops can be produced by insertion of genes with desired traits by the process of hybridization.Crossing may be between two different varieties (intra-varietal cross breeding), between two different species of same genus (interspecific crossbreeding) and between different genera (intergeneric crossbreeding). The crossing between two species of same genus is known as interspecific cross breeding. 
Thus, the correct answer is option A.