Tag: genetically engineered insulin

Questions Related to genetically engineered insulin

Humulin is _________.

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  1. Carbohydrate

  2. Fat

  3. Hybridomas

  4. Protein

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Correct Option: D

Insulin has 51 amino acids arranged in

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Single polypeptide

  2. Two polypeptides of 21 and 30 amino acids

  3. Two polypeptides of 25 and 26 amino acids

  4. Three polypeptides having 15, 16 and 20 amino acids

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Correct Option: B

After removal of signal peptide, the secretory protein involved in formation of insulin is known as

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Preinsulin

  2. Proinsulin

  3. Postinsulin

  4. Prepinsulin

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The insulin mRNA is translated as a single chain precursor called preproinsulin, and removal of its signal peptide during insertion into the endoplasmic reticulum generates proinsulin. Insulin and free C peptide are packaged in the Golgi into secretory granules which accumulate in the cytoplasm.

So, the correct answer is 'Proinsulin.'

Assertion: Humilin synthesizes in the form of proinsulin.

Reason: C - peptide is not seen in mature insulin.

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. A and R both are correct. Where R is explanation of A

  2. A and R both are correct. Where R is not explanation of A

  3. A is correct white R is correct

  4. A is incorrect white R is correct

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Insulin in human body is synthesized in the form of proinsulin . Proinsulin is a molecule which has 24 amino acids , B-chain peptide , C-chain peptide and A-chain peptide . The C-chain peptide of precursor insulin molecule has two amino acids . In mature insulin the C-chain peptide is cleaved off which results in the joining of A-chain peptide and B-chain peptide and form its active form. 

So the correct answer is ' A and R both are correct . Where R is the explanation of A ' .

Genetically engineered human insulin is called as

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Humulin

  2. Haematin

  3. Hybridoma

  4. Hybrid

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Humulin is the genetically engineered insulin produced by inserting human insulin gene into a host cell (E. coli) which was then allowed to grow and reproduce normally. The inserted human DNA lead them to produce a synthetic version of human insulin. Hybrid is a offspring of two genetically dissimilar animals or plants which carries genetic material from both parents and express new specific genetic characteristics. The dark bluish or brownish pigment obtained by the oxidation of haeme that has contain iron in the ferric state is known as haematin. Hybridomas are the hybrids produced by introducing specific antigen into a mouse to collect antibody-producing cells. These cells are then fused with myeloma cell to produce hybridomas which multiply indefinitely and thus provide infinite source of a specific antibody. 

Diabetes is caused due to the deficiency of insulin in the blood.

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Diabetes is a disease in which your blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels are too high.
  • Glucose comes from the foods you eat. Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas that helps the glucose get into your cells to give them energy. With type 1 diabetes, your body does not make insulin.
  • Hence diabetes is caused due to the deficiency of insulin in the blood is a true statement.
  • So, the correct answer is 'True'.

Scientists have been able to splice the eukaryotic gene for the production of human insulin into the genome of bacterial cells and induce those bacteria to express the gene and produce insulin. This suggests which of the following?

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Prokaryotic cells many have evolved from eukaryotic cells.

  2. DNA is a universal molecular carrier of genetic information for all life on the planet.

  3. Bacteria cells naturally produce and use insulin.

  4. Humans have a symbiotic relationship with certain species of bacteria living in their intestines that produce insulin.

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

All prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic organisms are made of double stranded DNA, that has the same type of nitrogen bases. The difference lies in the number and the arrangement of nitrogen bases 

So, the correct answer is 'DNA is a universal molecular carrier of genetic information for all life on the planet.'

Human insulin can be mass produced using genetically modified bacteria. The human insulin gene is added to a bacteria strain, and the bacteria will produce the human protein. This process demonstrates that

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Bacteria have mechanisms for identifying and translating foreign DNA.

  2. DNA is functionally identical in all organisms.

  3. Humans and bacteria are closely related.

  4. Humans are prokaryotic.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Human insulin can be mass produced using genetically modified bacteria, human insulin gene is added to the bacterial plasmid, which replicates and produces the protein. DNA in all organisms is chemically same but functionally different.
So, the correct answer is 'Bacteria have mechanisms for identifying and translating foreign DNA'

Humulin is

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. A form of chitin

  2. A powerful antibiotic

  3. A new digestive enzyme

  4. Human insulin

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Humulin was the first medication produced using modern genetic engineering techniques in which actual human DNA is inserted into a host cell (E. coli). The host cells are then allowed to grow and reproduce normally, and due to the inserted human DNA, they produce a synthetic version of human insulin.

What is used in production of insulin by genetic engineering?

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Rhizobium

  2. Saccharomyces

  3. Mycobacterium

  4. Escherichia

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Correct Option: D