Tag: stem cells

Questions Related to stem cells

In autologous stem cell transplant, the stem cells are obtained 

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  1. From the individual itself.

  2. From a donor.

  3. From the identical twin.

  4. Both A and B.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

There are different types of transplantations in which the donor from which the stem cells are received differs. In the case of the autologous stem cell transplantation, the stem cells are obtained from the same individual. The peripheral blood or the bone marrow stem cells can be used for the purpose of transplantation. There are no chances of rejection due to graft versus host reaction. 

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Which of the following diseases can be cured by stem cell therapy?

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  1. Haematopoiesis

  2. Lymphoma

  3. Dwarfness

  4. Both A and B

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Correct Option: B

Why is umbilical cord preserved after the birth?

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  1. It is a source of RBC.

  2. It has a greater content of blood plasma.

  3. It is a source of stem cells.

  4. All of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Stem cells are found in all organisms and are capable of dividing to form new cells which can be differentiated into various types of specialised cells. The umbilical cord is the structure which attaches the fetus with the placenta in the maternal womb. The umbilical cord contains the embryonic stem cells which can use for the treatment of disorders during the life of an individual. The umbilical cord can be preserved during the child birth.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.  

Among the following stem cells, which are found in the umblical cord 

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  1. Embryonic stem cells

  2. Adult stem cells

  3. Cord blood stem cells

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
The umblical cord contains haematopoetic stem cells that can give rise to both RBCs as well as WBCs and are used in the treatment of blood cell diseases like Leukemia. Haematopoetic stem cells are also called cord blood stem cells
So, the correct answer is 'Cord blood stem cells'

Do animals have tissues similar to meristematic tissues in plants? If yes, what are they?

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  1. Epithelial cells

  2. Germ cells

  3. Stem cells

  4. They don't have similar cells

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Animals have stem cells which are similar to the meristematic tissues in plants. They are capable to divide. These are undifferentiated cells which later on gets specialized. They divide continuously and help in the growth and repair of the body.

Cellular totipotency was for the first time demonstrated by  _____________.

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  1. F.C. Steward

  2. P. Maheshwari

  3. W.H. Muir

  4. Y.P.S. Bajaj

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A- The capacity to generate a whole plant from any cell or explant is called totipotency. The first evidence of totipotency was given by F.C.Steward et al in 1950 in USA.

The inherent capacity of a cell to regenerate a new whole organism or plant is called as

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  1. Ontogeny

  2. Totipotency

  3. Differentiation

  4. Homeostasis

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
The inherent potentiality of a plant cell to give rise to a whole plant is described as cellular totipotency. This is a capacity which is retained even after a cell has undergone final differentiation in the plant body. In plants, even highly mature and differentiated cells retain the ability to regenerate to a meristematic state as long as they have an intact membrane
system and a viable nucleus. This is contradicting to animals, where differentiation is generally irreversible. Totipotent cells can form all the cell types in a body, plus the extra embryonic, or placental, cells. Embryonic cells within the first couple of cell divisions after fertilization are the only cells that are totipotent in animals.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Which one of the following is the true definition of totipotent cell? 

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  1. An undifferentiated cell capable of developing into an organ.

  2. An undifferentiated cell capable of developing into a system or entire plant.

  3. Cells that lack the capability of differentiating into an organ or system.

  4. Undifferentiated cells capable of developing into complete embryo.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Totipotency is defined as the ability of a single cell to get differentiated, including extraembryonic tissues. Totipotent cells formed during sexual and asexual reproduction include spores and zygotes. Thus, each totipotent cell is a self-contained entity that can give rise to the whole organism. 
So, the correct answer is option B.

The term 'totipotency' means

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  1. A group of animals of unrelated characters

  2. The capacity of a cell to regenerate into a whole plant

  3. Hybrids formed as a result of somatic hybridization

  4. Sexually produced offsprings

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Totipotency is the ability of cells such as an embryonic stem cell to differentiate into any type of body cell. Plant cells are also totipotent, which helps to explain why a graft of a plant can generate a whole new individual out of just a small branch cutting.

What are stem cells?

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  1. Ability of renew themselves

  2. Do not have a ability of renewal

  3. Totipotent

  4. Both A and C

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  • Stem cells are cells found in most, if not all, multicellular organisms.
  • They are characterized by the ability to renewing themselves through mitotic cell division and differentiation into the diverse range of specialized cell types. Example: bone marrow cells.
    Hence, option D is correct.