Tag: types and features of earthquakes and volcanoes

Sudden movements of the earth can be noticed during the eruption of a volcano. Sudden movements, caused by sudden endogenetic forces coming from deep within the earth, cause such sudden and rapid events that these cause massive destruction at and below the earth's surface. These forces work very quickly and their results are seen within minutes.

Mount Kenya is the second highest mountain in Africa, after Kilimanjaro. Mount Kenya is a stratovolcano created approximately 3 million years after the opening of the East African rift. Before glaciation, it was 7,000 m high. It was covered by an ice cap for thousands of years. This has resulted in much eroded slopes and numerous valleys radiating from the centre.

An active volcano is a volcano that has had at least one eruption during the past 10,000 years. An active volcano might be erupting or dormant.

An erupting volcano is an active volcano that is having an eruption...

A dormant volcano is an active volcano that is not erupting but supposed to erupt again.

An extinct volcano has not had an eruption for at least 10,000 years and is not expected to erupt again in a comparable time scale of the future.

The above classification is based on the frequency of eruption while the classification as a composite volcano is based on the structure of the volcano thus option C is the right answer.

Mt Vesuvius is a volcano located in Italy which had last recorded eruption in 1944, hence A is the correct answer. It has a long history of a number of eruptions in recorded history thus it is considered as an active volcano.

• Mt Kilimanjaro is a dormant volcano in Tanzania. Hence C is the correct option.
• It is also the highest mountain of Africa.

The number of potentially active volcanoes on Earth is estimated to be about 1500, with 550 of these having erupted in recorded history. The total number of volcanoes throughout the entire world is unknown because not all volcanoes are accessible, known and recorded.

• Barren Island is located in the Andaman and Nicobar group of islands in India. It is the only active volcano in India.
• Hence option C is correct.

A caldera is a large depression formed when a volcano erupts and collapses. During a volcanic eruption, magma present in the magma chamber underneath the volcano is expelled, often forcefully.

Volcanic materials of various sorts are ejected through a pipe and the vent situated at the top of the pipe. The enlarged from of the volcanic vent is known a volcanic crater and caldera.