Tag: the structure of the atom

Questions Related to the structure of the atom

In 1909, __________ discovered nucleus in his famous gold foil experiment.

chemistry the structure of the atom discovery of charged particles the plum pudding atom discovery of electrons and protons

  1. Rutherford

  2. Goldstein

  3. J.J.Thompson

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In 1909, Rutherford discovered nucleus in his famous gold foil experiment.

Protons and neutrons are heavier than electrons and reside in the center of the atom, which is called ______ .

chemistry the structure of the atom discovery of charged particles the plum pudding atom discovery of electrons and protons

  1. the nucleus

  2. the Orbit

  3. the orbitals

  4. none of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Protons and neutron are present in the nucleus of the atom residing at the center.

All the mass of the atom resides in the _____ .

chemistry the structure of the atom discovery of charged particles the plum pudding atom discovery of electrons and protons

  1.  nucleus

  2. molecules

  3. ions

  4. orbit

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

All the mass of the atom resides in the nucleus.

The fraction occupied by nucleus in an atom is:

chemistry the structure of the atom discovery of charged particles the plum pudding atom discovery of electrons and protons

  1. $1/10^{-10}$

  2. $1/10^8$

  3. $1/10^{-5}$

  4. $1/10^5$

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Radius of atom $\displaystyle  = 10^{-10}$ m
Radius of nucleus $\displaystyle  = 10^{-15}$ m
The fraction occupied by nucleus in an atom $\displaystyle  = \dfrac {10^{-15}}{10^{-10}}=\frac {1}{10^5}$

Which of the following elements has maximum density of nucleus?

chemistry the structure of the atom discovery of charged particles the plum pudding atom discovery of electrons and protons

  1. ${ { _{ 14 }{ Si } } }^{ 30 }$

  2. ${ { _{ 15 }{ P } } }^{ 31 }$

  3. ${ { _{ 8 }{ O } } }^{ 16 }$

  4. All have same desity

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:
 $Element$  $Atomic$ $number$$(A)$  $Atomic$ $mass$ $number$$(Z)$ no. of proton (A) no. of neutron(2A-Z)
 $Si$  14  30  14  16
 $P$  15  31 15  16 
 $O$  8  16  8  8

The element containing greater number of proton and neutron has greater density, phosphorus has highest density as compared to others.

$P>Si>O$

The radius of an atomic nucleus (say $He$) is of the order of:

chemistry the structure of the atom discovery of charged particles the plum pudding atom discovery of electrons and protons

  1. $10^{-10} cm$

  2. $10^{-13}cm$

  3. $10^{-15}cm$

  4. $10^{-8}cm$

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The size of an atom is of the order, i,e., diameter is $1A$ or $(10^{-10}m)$.
In case of the nuclear size (say He) it is in the order of 1 Fermi or near to $10^{-15} m$

The atomic nucleus contains:

chemistry the structure of the atom discovery of charged particles the plum pudding atom discovery of electrons and protons

  1. protons

  2. neutrons

  3. electrons

  4. photons

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Correct Option: A,B
Explanation:

The atom is made up of a central core of the nucleus with protons that are positively charged and neutrons that are neutral. The electrons revolve around this central core in orbits.


Hence, option A and B are correct.

The ratio of the "e/m" (specific charge) values of a electron and an $\alpha$-particle is - 

chemistry the structure of the atom discovery of charged particles the plum pudding atom discovery of electrons and protons

  1. $2:1$

  2. $1:1$

  3. $1:2$

  4. none

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Correct Option: A

The size of nucleus is of the order of 

chemistry the structure of the atom discovery of charged particles the plum pudding atom discovery of electrons and protons

  1. ${10^{ - 12}}\;{\text{m}}$

  2. ${10^{ - 8}}\;{\text{m}}$

  3. ${10^{ - 15}}\;{\text{m}}$

  4. ${10^{ - 10}}\;{\text{m}}$

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Correct Option: A

Which form of energy is a measure of the electron stability when it is in bound state with nucleus?

chemistry the structure of the atom discovery of charged particles the plum pudding atom discovery of electrons and protons

  1. Potential energy

  2. Kinetic energy

  3. Vibrational energy

  4. Ionization energy

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 Ionization Energy
The energy needed to remove one or more electrons from a neutral atom to form a positively charged ion is a physical property that influences the chemical behavior of the atom.So higher the ionization energy, higher is the stability.