Tag: interdependence of organism and the environment

Questions Related to interdependence of organism and the environment

In batch fermentation:

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. substrates are added to the system all at once and runs until product is harvested

  2. nutrients are continuously fed into the reactor and the product Is siphoned off during the run

  3. new batches of microorganisms are screened for increase yield

  4. small-scale production is used to synthesise product.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Fermentation is a metabolic process which converts carbohydrates to alcohols, organic acids are gases by the activity of the enzyme of microbial origin.
Batch fermentation is a process where the microorganism is inoculated into a fixed volume of medium. As the growth takes place the nutrients that are consumed and the product of growth keeps getting stored in the fermenter.
In batch fermentation, the mass production is done as separate batches. 
So, then the correct option is 'substrates are added to the system all at once and runs until product is harvested'

Penicillin inhibits bacterial multiplication because it

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. Checks RNA synthesis

  2. Checks DNA synthesis

  3. Destroys chromatin

  4. Inhibits cell wall formation

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Antibiotics are chemical substances, which are produced by some microbes and kill or retard the growth of other ( disease-causing ) microbes. Penicillin was the first antibiotic discovered. Penicillin inhibits bacterial growth by inhibiting cell wall formation, hence, killing the bacteria.

So, the correct answer is 'Inhibits cell wall formation'

Read the following statements and select the correct option:
STATEMENT I: Nostoc and bacteria are prokaryotes.
STATEMENT II: Penicillium and Spirogyra are fungi.

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. Only statement I is true

  2. Only statement II is true

  3. Both statements I and II are true

  4. Both statements I and III are false

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Nostoc is a cyanobacterium. Along with bacteria, Nostoc belongs to the prokaryotic organisms as they do not possess the well-defined nucleus and double membrane-bound organelles. In statement 2, Penicillium is a fungus but Spirogyra is an alga. Thus, the correct option is A.

Which of the following is the main function of antibiotic drugs in human body?

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. Prevention of the growth of bacteria

  2. To control the level of oxygen

  3. To maintain the blood pressure

  4. To control sugar level in blood

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria and is the most important type of antibacterial agent for fighting bacterial infections. Antibiotic medications are widely used in treatment and prevention. They have an important role in dental antibiotic prophylaxis where their use may prevent. So, the correct option is "A" (Prevention of the growth of bacteria).

Which famous biologist showed in the middle of the nineteenth century that beer and butter milk are products of fermentation brought about by years?

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. Ignaz Philipp Scmmelweiss

  2. Friedrich Hente

  3. Louis Pasteur

  4. Joseph Lister

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In 1857, Pasteur showed that lactic acid fermentation is caused by living organisms, In 1877, working to improve the French brewing industry, Pasteur published his famous paper on fermentation,"Studies on fermentation". He defined fermentation (incorrectly) as "Life without air",but correctly showed that specific types of microorganisms cause specific types of fermentations and specific end-products.

So,the correct option is C. (louis pasteur)

Which microorganism is used for fermentation?

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. Viruses

  2. Yeast

  3. Cyanobacteria

  4. Fungus

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
A. Viruses are used in biocontrol agents such as Baculoviruses are pathogens that attack insects and other arthropods.
B. Yeast is used in fermentation such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae in alcoholic fermentation.
C. Cyanobacteria is used in fertilizers such as Nostoc.
D. Fungus used in antibiotics and bio-fertilizers.

So, the correct option is 'Yeast'.

Maximum alcohol will be obtained from

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. Wood

  2. Sugarcane

  3. Tapioca

  4. Maize

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The sugarcane is a plant which belongs to the group of monocots. The plant contains a high amount of sugar. The juice from this plant or the molasses can be used for the process of alcohol formation. The sucrose which is present in the plant is fermented to produce ethanol by the process of anaerobic fermentation. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Alcohol is produced during the process of

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. Aerobic respiration

  2. Combustion

  3. Fermentation

  4. Kreb's cycle

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Alcohol is commercially produced using a process called as fermentation. In alcoholic fermentation, pyruvate from glycolysis is converted to acetaldehyde and then to ethanol and carbon dioxide. So, the correct answer is option C.

Who among the following said that 'fermentation is a biochemical process'?

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. A. Fleming

  2. Kitasate

  3. L. Pasteur

  4. Ivanowske

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
L. Pasteur was the one who said fermentation is a biochemical process. He said that the catalyst for these reactions are living organisms (mainly microorganisms) but not inorganic compounds.Because the small size of microbes, other scientists doubted this at that time.
Hence, the answer is C.

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Fermentation is the process that produces bubbles of carbon dioxide that makes bread dough rise.

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Fermentation is accompanied by the liberation of carbon dioxide gas. The process is used in baking breads because the liberated carbon dioxide helps the dough to rise. 

So, the correct option is 'True'.