The Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis was signed on April 3, 1559, in the town of Cateau-Cambrésis, France.

The Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis was primarily between France and Spain, who were the main belligerents in the Italian Wars.

The primary objective of the Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis was to bring an end to the Italian Wars, which had been ongoing for several decades.

As part of the treaty, France ceded the Duchy of Milan to Spain, which had been a major point of contention during the Italian Wars.

Spain ceded the Duchy of Savoy to France, which was a strategically important territory bordering France and Italy.

The Duchy of Mantua was granted independence under the terms of the treaty, ending the conflict over its control between France and Spain.

The Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis established a new balance of power in Europe, with France and Spain emerging as the dominant powers.

The Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis included the Peace of Augsburg, which established the principle of cuius regio, eius religio, allowing each German prince to determine the religion of his territory.

The Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis is often seen as marking the end of the Italian Renaissance, as it brought an end to the political and military conflicts that had characterized the period.

Catherine de Medici, the Queen of France, played a crucial role in negotiating the Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis, using her diplomatic skills to bring about a settlement between France and Spain.

The Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis weakened the Habsburg dynasty, as it forced Spain to cede territories and recognize the independence of the Dutch Republic.

The Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis contributed to the emergence of nation-states in Europe by promoting the idea of national sovereignty and recognizing the independence of various territories.

France gained control of Corsica, Savoy, and Piedmont as a result of the Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis.

Spain retained control of Naples, Sicily, and Sardinia after the Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis.

The Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis established a new religious settlement in Europe, known as the Peace of Augsburg, which allowed each German prince to determine the religion of his territory.