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Electrolytes and non-electrolytes - class-X

Description: electrolytes and non-electrolytes
Number of Questions: 35
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Tags: electrolysis electrochemistry chemical reactions chemistry
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An electrolyte:

  1. has positive charge

  2. has negative chargec

  3. should be able to conduct charge without dissociating

  4. should able to form positive and negative ions


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A Chemical compound that conducts electricity by changing into ions like cations and anions when melted or dissolved into a solution.

Eg: Sodium chloride.

Which of the following is an electrolyte?

  1. $AgNO _3$ solution

  2. Alcohol

  3. Mercury

  4. Sugar solution


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Electrolyte is a substance that dissociates into ions in a solution and acquires the capacity to conduct electricity. Electrolysis is the dissociation of an electrolyte into ions at the electrodes by the passage of electric current.
During the electrolysis of silver nitrate solution, silver gets deposited at the cathode, while the anode loses an equal amount of Ag. Hence, $Ag{ NO } _{ 3 }$ is an electrolyte.

Which of the following is not a non electrolyte?

  1. Acetic acid

  2. Glucose

  3. Ethanol

  4. Urea


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Acetic acid is a weak electrolyte because its dissociation constant is small meaning there will be few ions in solution to conduct electricity

Define good conductors of electricity.

  1. Compounds which do not break up from their solution on passing electric current

  2. Materials which do not allow electric current to pass through them easily

  3. Substances which allow electric current to pass through them easily

  4. Compounds which break up from their solution on passing electric current


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Substances which allow electric current to pass through them easily are called good conductors of electricity.

Saturated solution of $KNO _3$ with agar-agar is used to make salt bridge because :

  1. size of $K^+$ is greater than that of $NO _3^-$

  2. velocity of $NO _3^-$ is greater than that of $K^+$

  3. Velocities of both $K^+$ and $NO _3^-$ are nearly the same

  4. both velocity and sizes of $K^+$ and $NO _3^-$ ions are same


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Because velocity of $k^+$ & $NO _{3}^{-}$ ions same & it so not happens one start getting accumulate which have higher velocity and block the test tube.

Weak electrolyte is:

  1. $(NH _4) _2C _2O _4$

  2. $(NH _4) _2SO _4$

  3. A and B both

  4. None


Correct Option: A

At $90^oC$, $pH$ of an aq. solution of a strong electrolyte is 7. What is the nature of electrolyte? 

  1. Neutral

  2. Basic

  3. Acidic

  4. Cannot say


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A strong electrolyte dissociates completely.

$pH=7$ given.
So, the electrolyte is neutral.

Maximum number of moles of oxygen gas that can be obtained by the electrolytic decomposition of 90 g of water will be 

  1. 1

  2. 2.5

  3. 5

  4. 9


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Electrolytic decomposition of 18 g of water gives 0.5 mole of O2.
So 90 g of water will give (0.5/18)×90 = 2.5 moles of O2.

The max. no of moles of oxygen gas is 2.5 moles

Which compounds dissociate to ions, when they dissolved in water?

  1. $BaSO _4; C _2H _4, AgCl$

  2. $KOH; C _6H _6; H _2SO _4$

  3. $Ca _3(PO _4) _2AgI; Cu(NO _3) _2$

  4. $AlCl _3; KOH; O _2$

  5. $KOH; H _2SO _4; KMnO _4$


Correct Option: E

The aqueous solution of non-electrolytes contains :

  1. atoms

  2. ions

  3. electrons

  4. molecules


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Non- electrolytes do not dissociate completely into ions in aqueous solution. So, only their molecules are present in the solution.

Which of the following is not a strong electrolytes ?

  1. $NaCl$

  2. $KNO _3$

  3. $NH _4OH$

  4. $FeSO _4$


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Here ${ NH } _{ 4 }OH$ is not a strong electrolyte because it doesn't dissociates completely.
$\rightarrow$  $\therefore$   ${ NH } _{ 4 }OH$ is a weak electrolyte.
Ans :- Option $C$.

A non-electronic conductor is :

  1. Iron

  2. Gas carbon

  3. Copper sulphate

  4. Mercury


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Here iron, copper sulphate and mercury are electronic conductors since they permit the flow electric charge with the application of voltage. 


But gas-carbon is non-electronic conductor.

Therefore, option B is correct.

In 0.5 M ${ NH } _{ 3 }$ solution the pH is 11.21 and the per cent dissociation of ammonia in a solution that is 0.15 M ${ NH } _{ 3 }$ and 0.45 M ${ NH } _{ 4 }Cl$ is

  1. 68%

  2. 36%

  3. $4\times { 10 }^{ -3 }%$

  4. $4\times { 10 }^{ -5 }%$


Correct Option: B

The equivalent conductance at infinite dilution of an acid like HF

  1. Can be determined by extrapolation of measurements of dilute solutions of HCI, HBr and HI

  2. Can be determined by measurement of very dilute HF solution

  3. Can best be determined from measurements of concentrated solutions of NaF, NaCI and HCI

  4. Can best be determined from measurements of dilute solutions of NaF, NaCI and HCI.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The equivalent conductance at infinite dilution of an acid like $HF$ can best be determined from measurement of dilute solution of $NaF,NaCl,HCl$ because these have ionic character.

Consider a $0.1M$ solution of two solutes $A$ and $B$. $A$ behaves as a non-electrolyte while $80\%$ of $B$ dimerises. Which of the following statement is correct regarding these solutions?

  1. The b.pt of $A$ will be less than $B$

  2. The osomotic pressure of $B$ will be more than thatof $A$

  3. The freezing point of solution $A$ will be less than that of $B$

  4. Boiling points of both solutions will be same.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Correct option (b) The osmotic pressure of B will be more than that of A 

 Explanation: The concentration of electrolyte, which ionises in water shall be more although 80% of it dimerises 

In which of the following electrolysis, the composition of electrolyte is expected to remain constant under optimum conditions:

  1. Aq. AgNO$ _{3}$ solution between Ag electrodes

  2. Aq. CuSO$ _{4}$ solution between Pt electrodes

  3. Fused NaCl between Pt electrodes

  4. Aqueous AgNO$ _{3}$ solution between Pt electrodes


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In case of Aq.  $AgNO _3$  with Ag electrodes, metal from anode goes to the solution and metal from solution goes to the cathode, hence the composition of electrolyte does not change with time and remain constant.

Hence. option A is correct.

Which of the following will form the cathode with respect to iron anond in an electrolytic cell ?

  1. Mg

  2. Al

  3. Cu

  4. Zn


Correct Option: C

For a dilute solution of a strong electrolyte, which of the following facts is correct ?

  1. The graph b/w $ \lambda m $ and $C$ is linear

  2. The graph b/w log $ \lambda m $ and $C$ is linear

  3. The graph b/w $ \lambda m $ and $ \sqrt {C} $ is linear

  4. The graph b/w $ \lambda m $ and $ \sqrt {C} $ has a negative slope.


Correct Option: A

Which of the following is not an electrolyte?

  1. Sulphuric acid

  2. Lemon juice

  3. Tamarind juice

  4. Detergent solution


Correct Option: D

The term used for a liquid or solution, which conducts electricity with accompanying chemical change are :

  1. electrolytes

  2. electrodes

  3. anodes

  4. cathodes


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An electrolyte is a substance that ionizes when dissolved in suitable ionizing solvents such as water. This includes most soluble salts, acids, and bases.

Choose the correct option which is a non-electrolyte liquid.

  1. Water

  2. Salt solution

  3. Glucose

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Electrolytes are salts or molecules that ionize completely in solution. As a result, electrolyte solutions readily conduct electricity.
Nonelectrolytes are compounds that do not ionize at all in solution. As a result, solutions containing nonelectrolytes will not conduct electricity. Typically, non-electrolytes are primarily held together by covalent rather than ionic bonds. A common example of a nonelectrolyte is glucose

Organic compounds which are non-electrolytes is :

  1. glucose

  2. urea

  3. alcohol

  4. all of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Nonelectrolytes are compounds that do not ionize at all in solution. As a result, solutions containing nonelectrolytes will not conduct electricity. Typically, nonelectrolytes are primarily held together by covalent rather than ionic bonds. 

Common examples of nonelectrolytes are glucose, urea and alcohol.

A sugar solution with sugar molecules and water molecules is:

  1. weak electrolyte

  2. non electrolyte

  3. metallic conductor

  4. strong electrolyte


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Sugar molecules are covalent compounds which doesn't dissociates into ions so they will not conduct electricity in solution and are non-electrolyte.
Also, w
ater has very low ionisation constant so it dissociates very low and pure water is consists almost entirely of molecules. As number of ions are very less in pure water so normally it will not conduct electricity and its non-electrolyte.

What kind of particles will be found in a liquid compound which is a non-electrolyte?

  1. Molecules

  2. Ionic

  3. Metallic

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 Molecules will be found in a liquid compound which is a non-electrolyte. For example, glucose is a non electrolyte. It does not dissociates in aqueous solution. Hence, in aqueous glucose solution, we can find glucose molecules. Another example of non electrolyte is urea.

State which of these will act as a non-electrolyte :

  1. Liquid carbon tetrachloride

  2. Acetic acid

  3. Sodium hydroxide aqueous solution acid

  4. Potassium chloride aqueous solution.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Nonelectrolytes are compounds that do not ionize at all in solution. As a result, solutions containing nonelectrolytes will not conduct electricity. Typically, nonelectrolytes are primarily held together by covalent rather than ionic bonds. A common example of a nonelectrolyte is glucose. Liquid carbon tetrachloride is also a nonelectrolyte.

An electrolyte is a substance which?

  1. Conducts electricity

  2. Decomposes on heating

  3. Is acidic in nature

  4. When dissolved in water, dissociates into ions


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

An electrolyte is a substance that produces an electrically conducting solution when dissolved in a polar solvent, such as water. The dissolved electrolyte separates into cations and anions, which disperse uniformly through the solvent. Electrically, such a solution is neutral.

Which one from the following is always ionic in nature?

  1. Proteins

  2. Nucleic acids

  3. Electrolytes

  4. Lipids

  5. Carbohydrates


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Electrolytes are always ionic in nature.
Electrolytes in aqueous solution dissociate into cation and anion respectively.

An electrochemical cell converts __________ energy to ____________ energy.

  1. Chemical

  2. Increases

  3. Electrical

  4. Ions


Correct Option: A,C
Explanation:

An electrochemical cell converts chemical energy to electrical energy. An electrochemical cell has two electronic conductors such as metal plates or carbon rods dipped into an electrolytic or ionic conductor which is an aqueous electrolytic solution or a pure liquid of an electrolyte.

Assertion: Benzene is a good electrolyte.
Reason: A good electrolyte has charged ions that carry the electric current.

  1. Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion

  2. Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion

  3. Assertion is true but Reason is false

  4. Assertion is false but Reason is true

  5. Both Assertion and Reason are false


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Statement 1: Benzene is a non electrolyte. Its molecules do not undergo dissociation.
Statement 2: A good electrolyte has charged ions that carry the electric current.
Statement 1 is not correct but Statement 2 is correct.

Assertion : In water, a  nonelectrolyte does not ionize.
Reason : The ionic solution does not conduct electricity.

  1. Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion

  2. Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion

  3. Assertion is true but Reason is false

  4. Assertion is false but Reason is true

  5. Both Assertion and Reason are false


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Statement I : In water, a  nonelectrolyte does not ionize.
For example, urea and glucose are non-electrolytes. They do not ionize in water.
Statement II : The ionic solution does conduct electricity.
Thus aqueous $NaCl$ solution conducts electricity as $NaCl$ dissociates into $\displaystyle Na^+$ ions and chloride $\displaystyle Cl^-$ ions.
$\displaystyle NaCl \rightleftharpoons Na^+ +  Cl^- $.
Statement I is True, Statement II is False

What would happen if the electrodes were put in a saturated solution of glucose which is dissolved in water?

  1. Light bulb would glow

  2. Light bulb would remain dark

  3. Apparatus would combust

  4. Glucose molecules would dissociate

  5. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

If the electrodes were put in a saturated solution of glucose which is dissolved in water, light bulb would remain dark.
This indicates that no electricity is passing through aqueous glucose solution.
Glucose is a non electrolyte. Hence, in aqueous solution of glucose, no ions are present. Hence, it cannot conduct electricity.

Which of the following can be classified as a strong electrolyte?

  1. $\displaystyle { Br } _{ 2 }$

  2. $\displaystyle { C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 12 }{ O } _{ 6 }$

  3. $\displaystyle Ca{ Cl } _{ 2 }$

  4. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }O$

  5. $\displaystyle N{ O } _{ 3 }$


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Option C is the correct answer.

$CaCl _2$ in aqueous solution dissociates to give one $Ca^{2+}$ and two $Cl^-$ ions.
Any substance which dissociates to form ions can be termed as an electrolyte.
Here Calcium Chloride gives one ion of Calcium and two Chloride ions. That is, from $CaCl _2$ a total of three ions are formed. Hence it can be classified as a strong electrolyte. The strong electrolytes dissociate completely in the solution. Here only $CaCl _2$ is the only compound which completely dissociates.

What is an electrolyte?

  1. Electrolytes are substances that dissolve by separating into ions in solution.

  2. Electrolytes are substances that do not conduct electricity but dissolve in water.

  3. Electrolytes are substances that have covalent bonds.

  4. Electrolytes are substances that share electrons.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Electrolyte is an substance that dissolve by separating into ions in solution . They even can conduct electricity. As their ions are free to carry current.

Two solutions of X and Y electrolytes are taken in two beakers and diluted by adding $500$ mL of water. $\Lambda _m$ of X increases by $1.5$ times while that of Y increases by $20$ times, what could be the electrolytes X and Y?

  1. $X\rightarrow NaCl, Y\rightarrow KCl$

  2. $X\rightarrow NaCl, Y\rightarrow CH _3COOH$

  3. $X\rightarrow KOH, Y\rightarrow NaOH$

  4. $X\rightarrow CH _3COOH, Y\rightarrow NaCl$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

On dilution, the molar conductivity of X increases by 1.5 times and Y by 20 times. Hence, X is a strong electrolyte and Y is a weak electrolyte.


Hence, option B is correct.

The substances whose aqueous solutions conduct electricity are called : 

  1. electrolytes

  2. non-electrolytes

  3. conductors

  4. metals


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The substances whose aqueous solutions conduct electricity are called electrolytes.

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