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Wholesalers - class-XI

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Wholesalers take delivery of goods when these are produced in factory and keep them in their godowns/warehouses. This is the service of storage given to manufacturers.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

warehouse is a building for storing goods. Warehouses are used bymanufacturers, importers, exporters, wholesalers, transport businesses, customs, etc. They are usually large plain buildings in industrial parks on the outskirts of cities, towns or villages.

Identify the argument against elimination of wholesalers.

  1. Wholesalers take all responsibilities for sales and distribution of goods, producers become free from the difficulties and troubles of marketing their products.

  2. During the slack seasons and scarcity in demand, the wholesalers resort to hoarding and stocking of goods and sell them at exorbitant prices charging excessive profits.

  3. Wholesalers are unnecessary links between the manufacturers and retailers.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Wholesalers are middlemen between the manufacturers and the retailers. They increase the cost of marketing and price of the products goes up. The consumers have to pay higher price. By eliminating wholesalers, prices of the products will decrease and the consumer shall benefit. The manufacturers will be earning more profit on account of lesser prices of the products.

Wholesalers increase the cost of marketing and price of the products goes up. State whether this is an argument which favors elimination of wholesalers.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Elimination of Wholesalers:

1. Wholesalers are middlemen between the manufacturers and the retailers. They increase the cost of marketing and price of the products goes up. The consumers have to pay higher price. By eliminating wholesalers, prices of the products will decrease and the consumer shall benefit. The manufacturers will be earning more profit on account of lesser prices of the products.

2. Wholesalers are unnecessary links between manufacturers and retailers. Their presence in the distribution channel obstructs the smooth and quick delivery of goods from the manufacturers to the ultimate consumers. If they are eliminated, the unrestricted supply of goods takes place from the manufacturers to the retailers and the consumers.

3. During the slack seasons and scarcity in business activities demand, the wholesalers resort to hoarding and stocking of goods and sell them at exorbitant prices charging excessive profits.

4. In certain regions, the wholesaler is the sole distributor of the product. He occupies the monopolistic position and exploits both the retailers and the consumers by charging higher prices if the wholesalers are eliminated it would be in the best interest of both the retailers and the consumers.

5. Big and established retailers such as large departmental stores can afford to make their own purchases directly from the manufacturers without approaching the wholesaler. The wholesalers are easily eliminated.

The wholesalers facilitate ____ of production activity throughout the year by purchasing the goods as and when these are produced.

  1. continuity

  2. risk bearing

  3. storage

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Wholesaling, jobbing, or distributing is the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers; to industrial, commercial, institutional, or other professional business users; or to other wholesalers and related subordinated services. In general, it is the sale of goods to anyone other than a standard consumer.

Examples of middlemen include ______.

  1. wholesalers

  2. retailers

  3. agents and brokers

  4. all of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Middlemen include wholesalers, retailers, agents and brokers. Wholesalers and agents are closer to the producers. Wholesalers buy goods in bulk and sell them to the retailers in large quantities. Consumers may also choose to bypass the intermediaries and buy goods directly from the producers.

Which of the following is a non-trading association?

  1. Company

  2. Partnership firm

  3. Club

  4. HUF


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Non-Trading Organizations. A business concern is an organization involved in activities of buying or selling goods and services with a view of making a profit. There are associations, clubs or societies which are not formed for the purpose of making profit. These are called non-trading organizations..

Advising the manufacturers about various aspects including customers' tastes and preferences, market conditions, competitive activities and the features preferred by the buyers is one of the services given by the wholesaler. Identify the service.

  1. Help in the marketing function

  2. Financial assistance

  3. Facilitating large scale production

  4. Expert advice


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The advice given by someone who has studied a subject thoroughly or who is very skilled at a particular job. You should seek expert advice before going into business. If you are travelling to a malarial area, get expert advice before you set off.

Wholesaling is concerned with the activities of those persons or establishments which sell to retailers and other merchants, and/or to industrial institutional and commercial users.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Wholesaling, jobbing, or distributing is the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers; to industrial, commercial, institutional, or other professional business users; or to other wholesalers and related subordinated services. In general, it is the sale of goods to anyone other than a standard consumer.
Examples of this would be plumbers supply houses, or electricians supply firms, or lumber firms that sell only to contractors. Car maufacturers typically sell their cars thru distribution channels direct to car dealers and function as their own wholesalers.

Merchant wholesalers are firms engaged primarily in buying, taking title to, storing, and physically handling products.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

They help move goods between producers and retailers and the advent of modern technologies help them do this more efficiently. A wholesale merchant operates in the chain between producer and retail merchant. Some wholesale merchants only organize the movement of goods rather than move the goods themselves.

___________ is/are actively involved in negotiating and other functions of buying and selling while acting on behalf of his/her/their clients.

  1. Agents

  2. Brokers

  3. Commission

  4. A and B


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The main exchange functions are buying and selling. Both buying and selling functions have their primary objectives as the negotiation of favorable terms of exchange. This function is concerned with seeking out the sources of supply, assembling of products, and activities associated with purchase.

______ is a special mercantile agent who sells the goods of his principal by auction.

  1. A del credere agent

  2. A commission agent

  3. An auctioneer

  4. A broker


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

mercantile agent is a person who is appointed by those in business to act on their behalf or to represent them in dealing with other persons. The person on whose behalf he acts as an agent is known as the 'Principal'.

_____ and agents are closer to the producers.

  1. Retailers

  2. Wholesalers

  3. Customers

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Wholesaling, jobbing, or distributing is the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers; to industrial, commercial, institutional, or other professional business users; or to other wholesalers and related subordinated services.

 In general, it is the sale of goods to anyone other than a standard consumer.

______ has full authority to perform all functions relating to the business on behalf of his principal.

  1. General Mercantile Agents

  2. Special/Particular Mercantile Agent

  3. Commission Agent

  4. Del Credere Agent


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

mercantile agent is a person who is appointed by those in business to act on their behalf or to represent them in dealing with other persons.

mercantile agent is one having authority in the course of business to sell goods or consign goods for the purpose of sale or to buy goods and even to raise money on the security of goods. A mercantile agent is also called a commissioner agent.

A mercantile agent possesses which of the following characteristics?

  1. He has the authority to buy and sell goods on behalf of his principal.

  2. He does not do business for himself, but only represents his principal in all business dealings.

  3. He is a business intermediary between the manufacturer and the ultimate consumer.

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

mercantile agent is a person who is appointed by those in business to act on their behalf or to represent them in dealing with other persons. The person on whose behalf he acts as an agent is known as the 'Principal'.

As the goods are exchanged from one intermediary to the other, their prices _____.

  1. deflate

  2. remain unchanged

  3. inflate

  4. any of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Tradable commodities consist of basic goods used in commerce that are often interchangeable with other goods of the same type. 

Trading of commodities is usually executed through future contracts on exchanges that standardize the quantity and minimum quality of the products traded.

________ guarantees his principal for the payment for all the goods he sells irrespective of the payment received by him or not.

  1. General Mercantile Agent

  2. A del credere agent

  3. A commission agent

  4. Special/Particular Mercantile Agent


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A del credere agency is a type of principal-agent relationship wherein the agent acts not only as a salesperson or broker for the principal, but also as a guarantor of credit extended to the buyer.

The wholesalers normally make forward dealing with the supply goods with the producer. This relieves the manufacturers from ______.

  1. plan and regulate their production

  2. keeping the stocks

  3. interim loans

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The stock of a corporation is all of the shares into which ownership of the corporation is divided. In American English, the shares are commonly called stocks. A single share of the stock represents fractional ownership of the corporation in proportion to the total number of shares.

In which wholesaler's channel function might wholesalers provide quicker delivery to buyers because they are closer than the producers?

  1. Warehousing

  2. Risk bearing

  3. Financing

  4. Transportation


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Transport or transportation is the movement of humans, animals and goods from one location to another. In other words the action of transport is defined as a particular movement of an organism or thing from a point A to the Point B. Modes of transport include air, land, water, cable, pipeline and space.

Wholesalers undertake advertisements and other sales promotional activities to induce customers to purchase the goods. The function performed by the wholesalers is ____.

  1. Grant of credit

  2. Specialized knowledge

  3. Marketing support

  4. Risk sharing


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Marketing Support Service. A Marketing Support Service would typically include some or all of the the following elements Stationery & Marketing Collateral management  design, print, logistics. Website portfolio design and development. Advertising Campaign media planning / buying, creative, delivery & management.

Facilitating large scale production is one of the services of wholesalers to manufacturers. What do wholesalers do through this function?

  1. Wholesalers provide financial assistance to the manufacturers in the sense that they generally make cash payment for the goods purchased by them.

  2. They bear lots of risks such as the risk of fall in prices, theft, pilferage, spoilage, fire, etc.

  3. Wholesalers collect small orders from number of retailers and pass on the pool of such orders to manufacturers and make purchases in bulk quantities.

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Large scale production refers to the production of a commodity on a large scale with a large sized firm. It requires huge investments in plant and machinery. Large scale production can be carried out if the market size is large and expanding.Large scale firms are division of labor and production and sale of goods in large quantities. They cater to a large market. The industrial revolution laid the foundation of the factory system. The factory system which extensively used machinery and adopted division of labor made large scale production possible.

The following are some of the motives of large scale production.

  1. Desire for economy.
  2. Desire for increase in sales.
  3. Desire for a large customer base.
  4. Desire for large profits.
  5. Desire to become a global company.
  6. Desire for economic power.
  7. Desire for continuous growth and expansion.
  8. Desire to increase demand.
  9. Desire to overcome competition.
  10. Desire to achieve monopoly status.
  11. Desire for achieving long term profitability.

Which of the following is referred to as 'Voluntary chains?'

  1. Co-operative retailing

  2. Retailers co-operatives

  3. Consumer's cooperatives

  4. Instalment selling


Correct Option: B

What service of wholesalers helps the retailers in managing their business with relatively small amount of working capital?

  1. Marketing support

  2. Grant of Credit

  3. Availability of goods

  4. Specialised knowledge


Correct Option: B
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