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Acid-Base Reactions in Seawater

Description: This quiz will test your understanding of acid-base reactions in seawater.
Number of Questions: 15
Created by:
Tags: oceanography acid-base reactions seawater
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What is the pH of seawater?

  1. 7.0

  2. 8.0

  3. 9.0

  4. 10.0

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The pH of seawater is typically between 7.8 and 8.2, with an average of 8.0.

What is the primary acid in seawater?

  1. Hydrochloric acid

  2. Sulfuric acid

  3. Nitric acid

  4. Carbonic acid

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Carbonic acid is the primary acid in seawater, accounting for about 90% of the total acidity.

What is the primary base in seawater?

  1. Sodium hydroxide

  2. Potassium hydroxide

  3. Calcium carbonate

  4. Magnesium hydroxide

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Calcium carbonate is the primary base in seawater, accounting for about 90% of the total alkalinity.

What is the process by which carbonic acid is formed in seawater?

  1. Dissolution of carbon dioxide in water

  2. Reaction of water with carbon dioxide gas

  3. Reaction of water with calcium carbonate

  4. Reaction of water with magnesium hydroxide

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Carbonic acid is formed in seawater when carbon dioxide gas dissolves in water.

What is the process by which carbonic acid is removed from seawater?

  1. Precipitation of calcium carbonate

  2. Reaction of carbonic acid with water

  3. Reaction of carbonic acid with hydroxide ions

  4. Reaction of carbonic acid with hydrogen ions

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Carbonic acid is removed from seawater when calcium carbonate precipitates out of solution.

What is the effect of increasing carbon dioxide levels on the pH of seawater?

  1. The pH decreases

  2. The pH increases

  3. The pH remains the same

  4. The pH fluctuates

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere lead to an increase in the concentration of carbonic acid in seawater, which causes the pH to decrease.

What is the effect of increasing carbon dioxide levels on the alkalinity of seawater?

  1. The alkalinity decreases

  2. The alkalinity increases

  3. The alkalinity remains the same

  4. The alkalinity fluctuates

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere lead to an increase in the concentration of carbonic acid in seawater, which causes the alkalinity to increase.

What is the effect of increasing carbon dioxide levels on the carbonate ion concentration in seawater?

  1. The carbonate ion concentration decreases

  2. The carbonate ion concentration increases

  3. The carbonate ion concentration remains the same

  4. The carbonate ion concentration fluctuates

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere lead to an increase in the concentration of carbonic acid in seawater, which causes the carbonate ion concentration to decrease.

What is the effect of increasing carbon dioxide levels on the bicarbonate ion concentration in seawater?

  1. The bicarbonate ion concentration decreases

  2. The bicarbonate ion concentration increases

  3. The bicarbonate ion concentration remains the same

  4. The bicarbonate ion concentration fluctuates

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere lead to an increase in the concentration of carbonic acid in seawater, which causes the bicarbonate ion concentration to increase.

What is the effect of increasing carbon dioxide levels on the hydrogen ion concentration in seawater?

  1. The hydrogen ion concentration decreases

  2. The hydrogen ion concentration increases

  3. The hydrogen ion concentration remains the same

  4. The hydrogen ion concentration fluctuates

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere lead to an increase in the concentration of carbonic acid in seawater, which causes the hydrogen ion concentration to increase.

What is the effect of increasing carbon dioxide levels on the saturation state of calcium carbonate in seawater?

  1. The saturation state decreases

  2. The saturation state increases

  3. The saturation state remains the same

  4. The saturation state fluctuates

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere lead to an increase in the concentration of carbonic acid in seawater, which causes the saturation state of calcium carbonate to decrease.

What is the effect of increasing carbon dioxide levels on the rate of calcium carbonate precipitation in seawater?

  1. The rate of precipitation decreases

  2. The rate of precipitation increases

  3. The rate of precipitation remains the same

  4. The rate of precipitation fluctuates

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere lead to an increase in the concentration of carbonic acid in seawater, which causes the rate of calcium carbonate precipitation to decrease.

What is the effect of increasing carbon dioxide levels on the rate of calcium carbonate dissolution in seawater?

  1. The rate of dissolution decreases

  2. The rate of dissolution increases

  3. The rate of dissolution remains the same

  4. The rate of dissolution fluctuates

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere lead to an increase in the concentration of carbonic acid in seawater, which causes the rate of calcium carbonate dissolution to increase.

What is the effect of increasing carbon dioxide levels on the rate of coral reef growth?

  1. The rate of growth decreases

  2. The rate of growth increases

  3. The rate of growth remains the same

  4. The rate of growth fluctuates

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere lead to an increase in the concentration of carbonic acid in seawater, which causes the rate of coral reef growth to decrease.

What is the effect of increasing carbon dioxide levels on the rate of shell formation in marine organisms?

  1. The rate of formation decreases

  2. The rate of formation increases

  3. The rate of formation remains the same

  4. The rate of formation fluctuates

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere lead to an increase in the concentration of carbonic acid in seawater, which causes the rate of shell formation in marine organisms to decrease.

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