Modernism, which emerged in the early 20th century, challenged traditional literary conventions and explored new forms of expression.

James Joyce, particularly in his novel "Ulysses," employed the stream-of-consciousness technique to delve into the inner workings of characters' minds.

Metafiction, a postmodern technique, draws attention to the constructed nature of literature, blurring the lines between fiction and reality.

Magical Realism, often associated with Latin American literature, blends realistic and fantastical elements, creating a sense of wonder and ambiguity.

Dystopian literature portrays a nightmarish vision of the future, warning against the dangers of unchecked power and societal decline.

Postmodernism, which gained prominence in the late 20th century, challenged traditional notions of truth, reality, and narrative, embracing fragmentation and irony.

Psychological Fiction focuses on the inner lives of characters, examining their thoughts, feelings, and motivations.

Cyberpunk, a subgenre of science fiction, explores the intersection of technology, society, and the human condition in a futuristic setting.

Utopian literature depicts an idealized society, free from conflict and injustice, and often serves as a critique of existing social structures.

Modernism, which gained prominence in the early 20th century, challenged traditional notions of art, morality, and society, embracing experimentation and individualism.

Stream-of-Consciousness, a modernist technique, attempts to capture the uninterrupted flow of thoughts and emotions, often resulting in a fragmented and disjointed narrative.

Cyberpunk, a subgenre of science fiction, often explores the darker side of technology and the human psyche, delving into themes of identity, control, and the consequences of unchecked technological advancement.

Post-Apocalyptic literature depicts a world after a catastrophic event, exploring the challenges of survival and the struggle to rebuild society amidst chaos and destruction.

Romanticism, which gained prominence in the 19th century, emphasized the importance of individual expression, emotion, and the beauty of the natural world.

Naturalism, a literary movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, aimed to depict life as it is, focusing on the harsh realities of everyday existence and the influence of heredity and environment on human behavior.