The discovery of antibiotics, particularly penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1928, marked a major turning point in the fight against bacterial infections.

Ultrasound technology, using high-frequency sound waves, revolutionized medical imaging by providing real-time visualization of internal organs and structures.

Laparoscopy, using small incisions and a camera, allowed surgeons to perform minimally invasive procedures, reducing trauma and recovery time.

The discovery of insulin in 1921 by Frederick Banting and Charles Best provided a life-saving treatment for people with diabetes.

Targeted therapy drugs, designed to inhibit specific molecules involved in cancer growth, revolutionized cancer treatment by precisely targeting cancer cells.

The pacemaker, a small device implanted in the chest, revolutionized the treatment of heart rhythm disorders by regulating the heart's electrical impulses.

Heart valve replacement surgery involves replacing damaged or diseased heart valves with artificial or biological valves, restoring proper blood flow.

The smallpox vaccine, developed by Edward Jenner in the late 18th century, played a crucial role in eradicating smallpox, a devastating disease that killed millions.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) revolutionized HIV/AIDS treatment by suppressing the virus, preventing its replication, and improving the quality of life for people living with HIV.

Mammography, using low-energy X-rays, revolutionized breast cancer detection by enabling the early identification of tumors, leading to improved survival rates.

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) revolutionized kidney stone treatment by using high-energy shock waves to break down kidney stones non-invasively.

The discovery of thyroxine, a hormone produced by the thyroid gland, led to the development of treatments for thyroid disorders, such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.

Targeted therapy drugs, designed to inhibit specific molecules involved in leukemia growth, revolutionized leukemia treatment by precisely targeting cancer cells.

The blood pressure monitor, a device used to measure blood pressure, revolutionized cardiovascular health management by enabling regular monitoring and early detection of hypertension.