Melody Contour refers to the overall shape and direction of a melody, describing how it moves and progresses.

Conjunct melodies move in stepwise motion, meaning they progress from one note to another by the interval of a second.

Disjunct melodies move in large leaps and skips, meaning they progress from one note to another by intervals larger than a second.

Legato melodies move smoothly and gradually, with notes connected and flowing into each other.

Staccato melodies move in a detached and separated manner, with notes played short and separated.

Marcato melodies emphasize certain notes with extra force or intensity, creating a strong and pronounced effect.

Appoggiaturas are melodic ornaments that involve a sudden and noticeable change in pitch, typically involving a grace note or auxiliary note.

Turns are melodic ornaments that involve a quick turn or change of direction, typically involving two notes that move in opposite directions.

Melismas are melodic ornaments that involve a rapid and elaborate passage of notes, often used to add embellishment and ornamentation to a melody.

Cadences are points at which a melody comes to a conclusion or resolution, often involving a specific chord progression or melodic pattern.

Chromatic melodies move in a chromatic manner, using half steps, creating a sense of tension and instability.

Diatonic melodies move using only the notes of a specific scale, creating a sense of stability and coherence.

Pentatonic melodies use only five notes, typically arranged in a specific pattern, creating a simple and often exotic sound.

Whole Tone melodies use only whole steps, creating a sense of ambiguity and instability.

Ostinatos are melodic patterns or motifs that are repeated throughout a piece of music, creating a sense of rhythmic and melodic drive.