The ancient Greeks believed that diseases were caused by 'miasma', a poisonous vapor rising from swamps and marshes.

Ancient Egyptians relied heavily on herbal remedies, with over 700 plants used for medicinal purposes.

Humorism, popular in ancient Greece and Rome, sought to balance the four humors: blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile.

Hippocrates, a Greek physician, is known as the 'Father of Modern Medicine' for his emphasis on observation, diagnosis, and prognosis.

The endoscope, developed in the 19th century, allowed physicians to examine the internal organs visually.

The bubonic plague, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, was the primary cause of death during the Black Death pandemic.

The discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1928 revolutionized the treatment of infectious diseases.

Isolation of infected individuals was the primary method of preventing smallpox before vaccines.

Bloodletting, a practice dating back to ancient times, involves drawing blood from the body to treat various ailments.

Viral pneumonia caused by the influenza virus was the primary cause of death during the Spanish Flu pandemic.

Surgery involves the removal of a diseased or damaged organ or tissue to treat a medical condition.

Institutionalization in mental asylums was the primary method of treating mental illness in the 18th and 19th centuries.

X-ray imaging uses electromagnetic radiation to produce images of the internal body.

Abstinence from sexual activity was the primary method of contraception before the development of modern birth control methods.

Magnet therapy involves the use of magnets to relieve pain and promote healing, although its effectiveness is debated.