Political parties serve as vehicles for representing the interests of various groups and ideologies within a society, allowing citizens to express their preferences and influence policy decisions.

While first-past-the-post, proportional representation, and ranked-choice voting are widely used electoral systems, the single transferable vote is less common.

Primaries are elections held within a political party to select candidates for public office, allowing party members to participate in the selection process.

Voter registration serves to verify the eligibility of voters and maintain accurate voter rolls, ensuring that only eligible individuals can participate in the election.

Campaign season refers to the period of time before an election when candidates actively engage in campaigning, promoting their platforms, and seeking votes from the electorate.

Ballot tabulation is the process of counting and verifying votes cast in an election, typically involving the use of electronic or manual methods to determine the outcome of the election.

Electoral certification is the official process of declaring the winner of an election, typically involving the formal recognition of the results by an authorized body or official.

An electoral challenge is the process of formally contesting the results of an election, alleging irregularities, fraud, or other issues that may have affected the outcome of the election.

A vote recount is the process of re-counting votes cast in an election, typically conducted to verify the accuracy of the initial count or to address concerns about potential irregularities.

Caucuses are meetings held by political parties to select delegates who will represent the party at a convention or meeting, allowing party members to participate in the selection process.

Conventions are meetings held by political parties to select candidates, adopt a platform, and conduct other party business, bringing together delegates from various parts of the country to represent the party's membership.

A platform is the official statement of a political party's principles, policies, and positions on various issues, outlining the party's stance on key matters and providing a guide for its candidates and elected officials.

Fundraising is the process of raising funds for political campaigns and activities, involving the collection of money from individuals, organizations, and other sources to support a candidate or political party.

Lobbying is the process of influencing government officials or policies through direct or indirect means, often involving the use of money or other resources, with the aim of promoting a particular interest or cause.

Public relations is the process of communicating with the public to promote a particular political candidate, party, or issue, involving the use of various media and communication channels to shape public opinion and influence attitudes.