The red cross was used as a symbol of the plague during the Middle Ages because it was believed that the disease was caused by evil spirits that could be warded off by the power of the cross.

The caduceus was a symbol of healing and medicine in medieval medicine because it was associated with the Greek god Hermes, who was the messenger of the gods and the patron of travelers, merchants, and thieves. The two serpents entwined around the staff were believed to represent the healing powers of nature.

Garlic was commonly used in medieval medicine to treat a variety of ailments because it was believed to have antibacterial and antiviral properties. It was also thought to be effective in warding off evil spirits.

Phlebotomy, the opening of a vein to remove blood, was the primary method of bloodletting in medieval medicine. It was believed that bloodletting could cure a variety of ailments, including fever, headache, and epilepsy.

The Canon of Medicine, written by the Persian physician Avicenna in the 11th century, was widely used in Europe for centuries as a medical textbook. It covered a wide range of topics, including anatomy, physiology, pathology, and pharmacology.

Barber-surgeons were responsible for a wide range of tasks in medieval society, including performing surgery, cutting hair and shaving beards, and pulling teeth. They were often the only medical practitioners available in rural areas.

Leeching, the application of leeches to the body to draw out blood, was a common medical practice in the Middle Ages. It was believed to be effective in treating a variety of ailments, including fever, headache, and epilepsy.

Medieval physicians used a variety of methods to treat wounds, including applying a poultice, cauterization, and suturing. Poultices were made from a variety of ingredients, such as herbs, roots, and animal fat, and were believed to draw out infection and promote healing. Cauterization involved burning the wound with a hot iron to stop bleeding and prevent infection. Suturing was used to close wounds and prevent them from becoming infected.

Cupping, the use of suction cups to draw out blood and other fluids from the body, was a common medical practice in the Middle Ages. It was believed to be effective in treating a variety of ailments, including pain, inflammation, and respiratory problems.

Medieval physicians used a variety of methods to treat plague, including prayer and repentance, bloodletting, and quarantine. Prayer and repentance were believed to be effective in appeasing God and preventing the spread of the disease. Bloodletting was believed to remove the toxins from the body that were causing the disease. Quarantine was used to isolate the sick from the healthy in order to prevent the spread of the disease.

Scarification, the use of small cuts in the skin to draw out blood, was a common medical practice in the Middle Ages. It was believed to be effective in treating a variety of ailments, including fever, headache, and epilepsy.

Isolation was the primary method of treating leprosy in medieval medicine. Lepers were often forced to live in leper colonies outside of town in order to prevent the spread of the disease.

A tourniquet was used in medieval medicine to restrict blood flow to a limb in order to stop bleeding or prevent the spread of infection.

Mercury was the primary method of treating syphilis in medieval medicine. It was believed to be effective in killing the bacteria that caused the disease.