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Separation Techniques

Description: Separation Techniques
Number of Questions: 10
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Tags: Separation Techniques Elements Compounds & Mixtures Solution, Mixture and Seperation Methods
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Which of the following methods would not be used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid?

  1. Decantation

  2. Evaporation

  3. Filtration

  4. Chromatography

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Chromatography cannot be used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid.

Alcohol and water are easily separated by distillation because of their

  1. different boiling points

  2. different colours

  3. different densities

  4. all of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Alcohol and water are easily separated by distillation because of their different boiling points. Moreover, distillation is used to separate a mixture of two liquids having different boiling points.

Sodium chloride can be separated from sand by first adding water to the mixture to dissolve the sodium chloride. The separation then takes place in two stages, which are

  1. filtration followed by decantation

  2. distillation followed by decantation

  3. filtration followed by evaporation

  4. evaporation followed by filtration

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Firstly, sand is separated from the mixture by filtration. Then, by evaporation, water gets evaporated and sodium chloride is left behind.

Which one of the following techniques would best be used to separate soil and water?

  1. Chromatography

  2. Decantation

  3. Fractional distillation

  4. Filtration

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A solution of soil and water can be best separated by filtration.

A crystal can be formed by _____.

  1. heating a saturated solution

  2. cooling a saturated solution

  3. stirring a saturated solution

  4. all of the above

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

During crystallisation, heating of the solution is stopped when it becomes hot and saturated. If the resulting solution is allowed to cool at room temperature, the dissolved solid will precipitate out as pure crystals.

Name the method that would be used to obtain petrol (boiling point 20 – 60°C) from a mixture of petrol and kerosene (boiling point 180 – 220°C).

  1. Fractional distillation

  2. Decantation

  3. Chromatography

  4. Filtration

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Fractional distillation is used to separate a mixture of two miscible liquids having different boiling points.

A chalk which is settled at the bottom of a beaker filled with water can be separated from the water by ________ and __. The chalk can then be dried by ___. (a) sedimentation and crystallisation; condensation (b) decantation and filtration, evaporation (c) filtration and evaporation; crystallisation

  1. Only (a)

  2. Only (b)

  3. Only (b) and (c)

  4. Only (c)

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Some chalk powder settled at the bottom of a beaker filled with water can be separated from water by decantation and filtration. The chalk powder can then be dried out by evaporation. 

Which of the following liquid - liquid mixtures cannot be separated by a separating funnel?

  1. Benzene and water
  2. Kerosene oil and water
  3. Ethyl alcohol and water
  4. Acetone and ethyl alcohol

  1. 1 and 2

  2. 3 and 4

  3. 1 and 3

  4. 2 and 4

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Separating funnel is used to separate a mixture of immiscible liquids. Only the mixtures in options 1 and 2 can be separated by using a separating funnel as they are mixtures of immiscible liquids. The mixtures in options 3 and 4 cannot be separated by a separating funnel because they are mixtures of miscible liquids.

Consider the information given below about methods of separation, types of mixtures and nature of mixtures. Which of the following is/are incorrectly matched?

     
S. No. Method Type of mixture Nature of mixture
1. Magnetic separation Solid-Solid Heterogeneous
2. Fractional distillation Liquid-Solid Heterogeneous
3. Separating funnel Liquid-Liquid Heterogeneous
4. Filtration Liquid-Liquid Heterogeneous

  1. Only 1

  2. Both 2 and 3

  3. Both 2 and 4

  4. Only 2

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Fractional distillation is used to separate miscible liquids having different boiling points. Filtration is used to separate a heterogeneous mixture of solid and liquid.

Different properties of three processes P, Q and R are given in the table below. Identify the processes by choosing the correct code from the given alternatives.

 
Processes Properties
P Used to separate suspended particles from water
Q Used to separate immiscible liquids
R Used to separate a mixture of NaCl and water

  1. P – Filtration, Q – Separating funnel, R – Distillation

  2. P – Distillation, Q – Filtration, R – Separating funnel

  3. P – Sedimentation, Q – Filtration, R – Chromatography

  4. P – Sublimation, Q – Separating funnel, R – Distillation

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

P - It is filtration method which is used to separate suspended particles from water. Q - A separating funnel is used in liquid-liquid extractions to separate (partition) the components of a mixture into two immiscible solvent phases of different densities. R - It is distillation method which is used to separate a mixture of NaCl and water.

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