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Virtue Ethics and Aristotelianism

Description: Virtue Ethics and Aristotelianism Quiz
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: virtue ethics aristotelianism moral philosophy
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In Aristotelian ethics, what is the ultimate goal of human action?

  1. Happiness

  2. Wealth

  3. Power

  4. Fame


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

According to Aristotle, the ultimate goal of human action is eudaimonia, which is often translated as 'happiness' or 'flourishing'.

What are the three main types of goods in Aristotelian ethics?

  1. External goods, internal goods, and relational goods

  2. Moral goods, intellectual goods, and material goods

  3. Pleasurable goods, painful goods, and indifferent goods

  4. Natural goods, conventional goods, and divine goods


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Aristotle divides goods into three categories: external goods (such as wealth and power), internal goods (such as virtues and knowledge), and relational goods (such as friendship and love).

What is the role of virtue in Aristotelian ethics?

  1. Virtues are necessary for happiness.

  2. Virtues are sufficient for happiness.

  3. Virtues are both necessary and sufficient for happiness.

  4. Virtues are not necessary or sufficient for happiness.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Aristotle argues that virtues are necessary for happiness, but they are not sufficient. In addition to virtues, one also needs external goods and relational goods in order to be happy.

What is the difference between a moral virtue and an intellectual virtue?

  1. Moral virtues are concerned with actions, while intellectual virtues are concerned with knowledge.

  2. Moral virtues are concerned with character, while intellectual virtues are concerned with the mind.

  3. Moral virtues are acquired through habituation, while intellectual virtues are acquired through education.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Moral virtues are concerned with actions and character, while intellectual virtues are concerned with knowledge and the mind. Moral virtues are acquired through habituation, while intellectual virtues are acquired through education.

What is the golden mean?

  1. The midpoint between two extremes.

  2. The highest point of excellence.

  3. The lowest point of excellence.

  4. None of the above.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The golden mean is the midpoint between two extremes. For example, the virtue of courage is the golden mean between the extremes of cowardice and rashness.

What is the role of phronesis in Aristotelian ethics?

  1. Phronesis is the intellectual virtue that enables us to deliberate about what is good and bad.

  2. Phronesis is the moral virtue that enables us to act in accordance with what is good and bad.

  3. Phronesis is the virtue that enables us to live in accordance with the golden mean.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Phronesis is the intellectual virtue that enables us to deliberate about what is good and bad. It is also the moral virtue that enables us to act in accordance with what is good and bad. Finally, it is the virtue that enables us to live in accordance with the golden mean.

What is the difference between eudaimonia and hedonia?

  1. Eudaimonia is the happiness that comes from living a virtuous life, while hedonia is the happiness that comes from pleasure.

  2. Eudaimonia is the happiness that comes from achieving one's goals, while hedonia is the happiness that comes from enjoying the present moment.

  3. Eudaimonia is the happiness that comes from being in a state of inner peace, while hedonia is the happiness that comes from external circumstances.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Eudaimonia is the happiness that comes from living a virtuous life, achieving one's goals, and being in a state of inner peace. Hedonia is the happiness that comes from pleasure, enjoying the present moment, and external circumstances.

What is the role of friendship in Aristotelian ethics?

  1. Friendship is necessary for happiness.

  2. Friendship is sufficient for happiness.

  3. Friendship is both necessary and sufficient for happiness.

  4. Friendship is not necessary or sufficient for happiness.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Aristotle argues that friendship is necessary for happiness, but it is not sufficient. In addition to friendship, one also needs virtues, external goods, and relational goods in order to be happy.

What are the three types of friendship in Aristotelian ethics?

  1. Friendship of utility, friendship of pleasure, and friendship of virtue.

  2. Friendship of love, friendship of respect, and friendship of admiration.

  3. Friendship of family, friendship of friends, and friendship of strangers.

  4. None of the above.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Aristotle divides friendship into three categories: friendship of utility (based on mutual benefit), friendship of pleasure (based on shared enjoyment), and friendship of virtue (based on mutual respect and admiration).

What is the highest form of friendship in Aristotelian ethics?

  1. Friendship of utility.

  2. Friendship of pleasure.

  3. Friendship of virtue.

  4. None of the above.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Aristotle considers friendship of virtue to be the highest form of friendship because it is based on mutual respect and admiration. This type of friendship is rare, but it is the most valuable and enduring.

What is the role of justice in Aristotelian ethics?

  1. Justice is the virtue that enables us to give everyone what they deserve.

  2. Justice is the virtue that enables us to treat everyone equally.

  3. Justice is the virtue that enables us to live in harmony with others.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Justice is the virtue that enables us to give everyone what they deserve, treat everyone equally, and live in harmony with others.

What are the two types of justice in Aristotelian ethics?

  1. Distributive justice and commutative justice.

  2. General justice and particular justice.

  3. Natural justice and conventional justice.

  4. None of the above.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Aristotle divides justice into two categories: distributive justice (the just distribution of goods and burdens) and commutative justice (the just exchange of goods and services).

What is the role of law in Aristotelian ethics?

  1. Law is necessary for a just society.

  2. Law is sufficient for a just society.

  3. Law is both necessary and sufficient for a just society.

  4. Law is not necessary or sufficient for a just society.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Aristotle argues that law is necessary for a just society, but it is not sufficient. In addition to law, a just society also needs virtuous citizens and a just government.

What is the difference between natural law and conventional law?

  1. Natural law is based on universal moral principles, while conventional law is based on the customs and traditions of a particular society.

  2. Natural law is based on reason, while conventional law is based on authority.

  3. Natural law is immutable, while conventional law is changeable.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Natural law is based on universal moral principles, reason, and is immutable. Conventional law is based on the customs and traditions of a particular society and is changeable.

What is the role of government in Aristotelian ethics?

  1. Government is necessary for a just society.

  2. Government is sufficient for a just society.

  3. Government is both necessary and sufficient for a just society.

  4. Government is not necessary or sufficient for a just society.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Aristotle argues that government is necessary for a just society, but it is not sufficient. In addition to government, a just society also needs virtuous citizens and just laws.

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