Conventionalism holds that the meaning of ethical terms is determined by the conventions of a particular language community.

Austin argued that performative utterances, such as promises, are not simply statements of fact but rather actions that are performed by saying the words.

Deontology is an ethical theory that emphasizes the importance of following moral rules and principles, regardless of the consequences of those actions.

Sophistry is the use of language to deceive or mislead others, often through the use of fallacies or misleading arguments.

Consequentialism is an ethical theory that argues that the rightness or wrongness of an action is determined by its consequences.

Emotive language is language that is used to express one's emotions or feelings, rather than to convey information or facts.

Virtue ethics is an ethical theory that emphasizes the importance of developing good character traits and virtues, such as honesty, courage, and justice.

Rhetoric is the use of language to persuade or convince others, often through the use of persuasive techniques such as appeals to emotion or logic.

Natural law theory is an ethical theory that argues that the rightness or wrongness of an action is determined by its intrinsic nature, rather than its consequences.

Descriptive language is language that is used to describe or explain something, rather than to express emotions or feelings.

Deontology is an ethical theory that argues that the rightness or wrongness of an action is determined by its conformity to moral rules or principles.

Evaluative language is language that is used to evaluate or judge something, rather than to describe it or express emotions.

Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that argues that the rightness or wrongness of an action is determined by its utility, or its ability to produce the greatest good for the greatest number of people.

Prescriptive language is language that is used to prescribe or recommend a course of action, rather than to describe it or express emotions.

Cultural relativism is an ethical theory that argues that the rightness or wrongness of an action is determined by its conformity to the moral standards of a particular culture or society.