The search for new markets

The acquisition of raw materials

The establishment of new trade routes

The spread of Christianity

The desire to increase national power and prestige

The need to protect national security

The desire to spread Western values and institutions

All of the above

The desire to escape poverty and unemployment

The desire to find new land for settlement

The desire to spread Western culture and civilization

All of the above

The technological superiority of Western powers

The political and economic instability of many non-Western societies

The military weakness of many non-Western societies

The cultural superiority of Western powers

The spread of Western culture and institutions to non-Western societies

The economic and political exploitation of non-Western societies

The displacement and dispossession of indigenous peoples

All of the above