Eutrophication is the process by which a body of water becomes enriched in nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, leading to excessive plant growth and a decline in water quality.

Agricultural runoff, industrial discharge, and sewage discharge are all major sources of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution that contribute to eutrophication.

Eutrophication is primarily caused by a combination of natural processes and human activities, with human activities being the major contributor.

Eutrophication can lead to reduced biodiversity, as excessive plant growth and algal blooms can crowd out other aquatic organisms.

Algal bloom, phytoplankton bloom, and red tide are all terms used to describe the excessive growth of algae in water bodies, often associated with eutrophication.

Eutrophication can pose potential health risks, including increased risk of waterborne diseases, exposure to harmful algal toxins, and reduced access to clean drinking water.

Nutrient remediation is the process of removing excess nutrients from water bodies to reduce eutrophication.

Constructed wetlands, biofiltration, and chemical precipitation are all common methods used for nutrient remediation in water bodies.

Oligotrophication is the natural process of nutrient cycling in aquatic ecosystems.

Oligotrophic lakes are characterized by low productivity and low nutrient levels.

Mesotrophic lakes are in a state of balance between nutrient input and output, with moderate levels of productivity.

Eutrophic lakes are characterized by high nutrient levels and high productivity.

Dystrophic lakes are characterized by low nutrient levels, low productivity, and acidic water.

Eutrophication can lead to fish kills due to oxygen depletion and the release of toxic substances.

Lake restoration, lake rehabilitation, and lake management are all terms used to describe the process of restoring a eutrophic lake to a more oligotrophic state.