Thomism is a comprehensive philosophical and theological system that encompasses a wide range of topics, including the existence of God, the nature of faith and reason, and the relationship between the natural and supernatural worlds.

Thomas Aquinas argued that the highest good for human beings is happiness, which he defined as the perfect and lasting fulfillment of all human desires.

Thomas Aquinas argued that faith and reason are two complementary and mutually supportive ways of knowing. He believed that reason can lead us to a knowledge of God's existence and attributes, while faith can help us to understand the mysteries of God's nature and plan for salvation.

The natural law is a set of moral principles that are inherent in human nature. These principles are discoverable by reason and are binding on all human beings.

Thomas Aquinas argued that the natural law is superior to the positive law. He believed that the positive law should be based on the natural law and that any positive law that violates the natural law is unjust and invalid.

The concept of the separation of church and state is the idea that the church and the state should be separate and independent institutions. This concept was first articulated by Thomas Aquinas in the 13th century.

Thomism has had a profound influence on Western thought, shaping everything from the development of natural law to the concept of the separation of church and state. It has also influenced the development of modern science.

Thomas Aquinas is considered to be the founder of Thomism. He was a Dominican friar and theologian who lived in the 13th century.

The Summa Theologica is a collection of Thomas Aquinas's theological writings. It is one of the most important works in the history of Christian theology.

The Five Ways is a series of five arguments for the existence of God. It is one of the most famous and influential arguments for the existence of God in the history of philosophy.

The doctrine of transubstantiation is the belief that the bread and wine used in the Eucharist are transformed into the body and blood of Christ. This doctrine is one of the most distinctive beliefs of the Catholic Church.

The concept of the common good is the idea that there is a good that is shared by all members of a community. This good is distinct from the good of the individual and is something that all members of the community should strive to achieve.

The concept of subsidiarity is the idea that decisions should be made at the lowest possible level. This principle is based on the belief that decisions are best made by those who are most directly affected by them.

The concept of solidarity is the idea that all human beings are interconnected and interdependent, that all human beings are equal in dignity and worth, and that all human beings have a responsibility to help one another.

Thomism faces a number of challenges today, including the rise of secularism, the decline of religious belief, and the increasing diversity of religious beliefs.