Agricultural expansion, particularly for crops and livestock, is the leading cause of deforestation globally.

Deforestation contributes to climate change by reducing the Earth's albedo, releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, and disrupting the water cycle.

Forest restoration typically has positive impacts on water quality, reducing pollution rather than increasing it.

Reforestation refers to the planting of trees in areas that were once forested but have been cleared, while afforestation refers to planting trees in areas that were never forested.

Reforestation efforts face challenges such as the high cost of tree planting, competition from invasive species, and the need for community involvement and support.

Reforestation contributes to climate change mitigation by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, improving air quality, and enhancing water quality.

Agroforestry combines trees with agricultural crops, promoting biodiversity conservation, reducing soil erosion, and providing economic benefits.

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) includes provisions related to forest management and reducing deforestation.

Forest restoration involves restoring a forest to its natural state after it has been degraded or damaged.

While forest restoration can have many benefits for local communities, reducing the risk of natural disasters is not typically a direct benefit.

Forest restoration contributes to biodiversity conservation by providing habitat for wildlife, maintaining ecosystem services, and promoting genetic diversity.

Afforestation refers to planting trees in areas that have never been forested.

High demand for timber is not typically a challenge associated with forest restoration efforts.

Forest restoration contributes to climate change adaptation by reducing the vulnerability of ecosystems, enhancing community resilience, and promoting sustainable land management practices.

Community involvement in forest restoration efforts is crucial for ensuring local ownership, promoting traditional knowledge and practices, and fostering a sense of responsibility and stewardship.