The Frankfurt School was a group of philosophers and social theorists who were associated with the Institute for Social Research in Frankfurt, Germany. The school was founded in 1923 and was active until the early 1970s. The Frankfurt School's work was influenced by the ideas of Karl Marx, Sigmund Freud, and Georg Hegel.

Negative dialectics is a method of philosophical inquiry that seeks to expose the contradictions and limitations of existing concepts and theories. The method was developed by Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer in the 1930s. Negative dialectics is based on the idea that all concepts and theories are limited and incomplete, and that they can only be understood by examining their contradictions and limitations.

The Frankfurt School's critique of capitalism is multifaceted. The school's theorists argue that capitalism is a system that is based on exploitation and inequality, that it is inherently irrational and self-destructive, and that it is incompatible with human freedom and autonomy.

The Frankfurt School's vision of a better society is one that is based on equality, freedom, and solidarity. The school's theorists argue that such a society would be free from exploitation and oppression, and that it would be ecologically sustainable.

Martin Heidegger was not a member of the Frankfurt School. He was a German philosopher who is best known for his work on phenomenology and existentialism.

Negative dialectics, the culture industry, and the authoritarian personality are all key concepts in Theodor Adorno's work. Negative dialectics is a method of philosophical inquiry that seeks to expose the contradictions and limitations of existing concepts and theories. The culture industry is a term that Adorno used to describe the mass media and its role in shaping public opinion. The authoritarian personality is a type of personality that is characterized by a rigid adherence to authority and a lack of critical thinking skills.

Critical theory is a key concept in Max Horkheimer's work. Critical theory is a school of thought that seeks to analyze and critique the social, political, and economic conditions of modern society. Horkheimer argued that critical theory could help to identify the root causes of social problems and to develop strategies for overcoming them.

Eros and Civilization is a key concept in Herbert Marcuse's work. Eros and Civilization is a book that Marcuse wrote in 1955. In the book, Marcuse argues that capitalism is a repressive society that stifles human creativity and freedom. He argues that a better society would be one that is based on the principles of eros, or life-affirming energy.

The public sphere is a key concept in Jürgen Habermas's work. The public sphere is a space in which citizens can come together to discuss and debate public issues. Habermas argues that the public sphere is essential for a democratic society. He argues that it is in the public sphere that citizens can develop a shared understanding of the problems facing their society and can work together to find solutions to those problems.

The Frankfurt School's work has had a profound impact on the development of social and political thought in the 20th and 21st centuries. The school's work has been influential in the development of critical theory, cultural studies, and postmodernism. The Frankfurt School's work has also been used to justify a variety of political movements, including the civil rights movement and the anti-war movement.