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Genetic Diversity and Agriculture

Description: This quiz is designed to test your knowledge of genetic diversity and its significance in agriculture.
Number of Questions: 15
Created by:
Tags: genetic diversity agriculture biodiversity
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What is the primary source of genetic diversity in crops?

  1. Wild relatives of crops

  2. Modern breeding practices

  3. Genetically modified organisms

  4. Natural selection


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Wild relatives of crops harbor a vast array of genetic traits that can be incorporated into modern varieties through breeding programs.

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of genetic diversity in agriculture?

  1. Increased resistance to pests and diseases

  2. Improved crop yields

  3. Enhanced nutritional value

  4. Reduced reliance on chemical inputs


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

While genetic diversity can contribute to all of the other listed benefits, it does not directly reduce the need for chemical inputs.

What is the term used to describe the loss of genetic diversity in a population?

  1. Genetic erosion

  2. Genetic drift

  3. Inbreeding depression

  4. Bottleneck effect


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Genetic erosion refers to the gradual loss of genetic diversity over time, often due to factors such as habitat destruction, overexploitation, and climate change.

Which agricultural practice is known to promote genetic diversity?

  1. Monoculture

  2. Crop rotation

  3. Selective breeding

  4. Genetically modified crops


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Crop rotation involves growing different crops in the same area in sequential seasons, which helps to maintain soil health and reduce the buildup of pests and diseases, thereby promoting genetic diversity.

What is the role of genetic diversity in ensuring food security?

  1. It provides a buffer against crop failures

  2. It allows for the development of new crop varieties

  3. It enhances the nutritional value of crops

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Genetic diversity plays a crucial role in food security by providing a buffer against crop failures, enabling the development of new crop varieties adapted to changing environmental conditions, and enhancing the nutritional value of crops.

Which international treaty aims to promote the conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources for food and agriculture?

  1. Convention on Biological Diversity

  2. International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

  3. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

  4. Kyoto Protocol


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, also known as the International Seed Treaty, is a legally binding agreement that aims to ensure the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture.

What is the term used to describe the process of introducing new genetic material into a population?

  1. Genetic engineering

  2. Gene editing

  3. Introgression

  4. Hybridization


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Introgression refers to the process of introducing new genetic material into a population through natural or artificial means, such as hybridization or selective breeding.

Which of the following is an example of a genetically modified crop?

  1. Organic corn

  2. Heirloom tomatoes

  3. Bt cotton

  4. Non-GMO soybeans


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Bt cotton is a genetically modified crop that has been engineered to produce a protein that is toxic to certain insect pests, such as the bollworm.

What is the term used to describe the process of selecting and breeding plants or animals with desired traits?

  1. Genetic engineering

  2. Selective breeding

  3. Gene editing

  4. Hybridization


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Selective breeding involves selecting and breeding plants or animals with desired traits, such as higher yields, resistance to pests and diseases, or improved nutritional value.

Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of genetic uniformity in agriculture?

  1. Increased susceptibility to pests and diseases

  2. Reduced resilience to climate change

  3. Improved crop yields

  4. Loss of traditional crop varieties


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Genetic uniformity can lead to increased susceptibility to pests and diseases, reduced resilience to climate change, and the loss of traditional crop varieties, but it does not directly improve crop yields.

What is the term used to describe the process of conserving genetic resources by storing them in a controlled environment?

  1. Gene bank

  2. Seed bank

  3. Cryopreservation

  4. In situ conservation


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A gene bank is a facility that stores genetic resources, such as seeds, pollen, or DNA samples, in a controlled environment to preserve their genetic diversity.

Which of the following is an example of an in situ conservation strategy?

  1. Seed banks

  2. Botanical gardens

  3. Gene banks

  4. National parks


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

National parks and other protected areas serve as in situ conservation strategies by preserving the natural habitats of plant and animal species, thereby protecting their genetic diversity.

What is the term used to describe the process of transferring genes from one organism to another?

  1. Genetic engineering

  2. Gene editing

  3. Introgression

  4. Hybridization


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Genetic engineering involves the transfer of genes from one organism to another, often across species boundaries, to create genetically modified organisms.

Which of the following is NOT a potential benefit of genetically modified crops?

  1. Increased resistance to pests and diseases

  2. Improved nutritional value

  3. Reduced reliance on chemical inputs

  4. Loss of traditional crop varieties


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Genetically modified crops have the potential to offer increased resistance to pests and diseases, improved nutritional value, and reduced reliance on chemical inputs, but they do not directly lead to the loss of traditional crop varieties.

What is the term used to describe the process of using molecular techniques to modify the genetic makeup of an organism?

  1. Genetic engineering

  2. Gene editing

  3. Introgression

  4. Hybridization


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Gene editing involves the use of molecular techniques to make precise changes to the genetic makeup of an organism, allowing for targeted modifications to genes and their functions.

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