Narrative is not a formal element of art, as it refers to the story or message conveyed by the artwork, rather than its visual qualities.

A line is the path created by a moving point and is one of the fundamental elements of art.

Lines can be horizontal, vertical, diagonal, or any combination thereof.

A shape is a two-dimensional enclosed area and is another fundamental element of art.

Shapes can be geometric (e.g., square, circle, triangle), organic (e.g., leaf, flower, animal), or abstract (e.g., non-representational forms).

Form refers to the three-dimensional aspect of an object and is another fundamental element of art.

Forms can be solid (e.g., a sphere, cube, pyramid), void (e.g., a hole, a gap), or linear (e.g., a line, a curve).

Texture refers to the surface quality of an object and is another fundamental element of art.

Textures can be visual (e.g., smooth, rough, bumpy), tactile (e.g., soft, hard, fuzzy), or auditory (e.g., loud, soft, crunchy).

Formal elements work together to create a unified artwork through contrast (e.g., light vs. dark, thick vs. thin), repetition (e.g., repeating shapes, colors, or lines), and harmony (e.g., using colors that complement each other).

Analyzing the formal elements of art helps us understand the artist's intent, appreciate the artwork's aesthetic qualities, and identify the artwork's style and period.

A formal analysis of an artwork focuses on analyzing the artwork's composition, including its lines, shapes, forms, textures, and colors.

Analyzing the artwork's composition can reveal the artist's use of lines, shapes, forms, textures, and colors to convey a particular message or emotion.

Contrast is a formal element that can be used to create emphasis in an artwork by juxtaposing elements that are different in terms of color, value, texture, or shape.

Formal analysis can help us appreciate the artwork's aesthetic qualities by revealing the artist's technical skill, identifying the artwork's style and period, and analyzing the artwork's composition.