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Repetition and Redundancy (D)

Description: Repetition & Redundancy (D)
Number of Questions: 15
Created by:
Tags: Repetition & Redundancy (D) Double Usage, Repetition and Redundancy
Attempted 0/14 Correct 0 Score 0

Directions: This question presents a sentence, all or part of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others.

If she will fall back into the bad habit or out of the good habit now and again, she will just go back to her change plan.

  1. If she will fall back into the bad habit or out of the good habit now and again, she will just go back to her change plan.

  2. If she falls back into the bad habit or out of the good habit now and again, she will just go back to her change plan.

  3. If she will fall back into the bad habit or out of the good habit now and again, she just goes back to her change plan.

  4. If she falls back into the bad habit or out of the good habit now and again, she just goes back to her change plan.

  5. If she fell back into the bad habit or out of the good habit now and again, she will just go back to her change plan.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The given option rectifies the error of usage of double future. 'Will fall' has been converted to 'falls'.

Directions: This question presents a sentence, all or part of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others.

Their difficulties represent a unique kind of affliction that should not be and that has somehow been especially visited upon them, or else upon their families, their tribe, their class, their nation, their race or even their species, and not upon others.

  1. or else upon their families, their tribe, their class, their nation, their race or even their species

  2. or else upon families, tribe, class, nation, race or even their species

  3. or else upon their families, tribe, class, nation, race or even their species

  4. or else upon their families, tribe, class, nation, race or even species

  5. or else upon their families, tribes, classes, nations, races or even species


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The sentence is correct as given. The repetitive use of 'their' does not seem out of place and is rather necessary to emphasize different relationships.

Directions: This question presents a sentence, all or part of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others.

You, your joys and your sorrows, your memories and your ambitions, your sense of personal identity and will, are in fact no more than the behaviour of a vast assembly of nerve cells and their associated molecules.

  1. You, your joys and your sorrows, your memories and your ambitions, your sense of personal identity and will

  2. You, your joys and sorrows, memories and ambitions, sense of personal identity and will

  3. You and your joys and sorrows, memories and ambitions, sense of personal identity and will

  4. You and your joys and sorrows; your memories and ambitions; your sense of personal identity and will

  5. You; your joys and sorrows; your memories and ambitions; your sense of personal identity and will


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

The original sentence suffers from the error of redundancy; repetitive use of 'your'. This option limits the use to intensifiers.

Directions: This question presents a sentence, all or part of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others.

It is not necessary that the past should be altered by the present as much as the present is directed by the past.

  1. It is not necessary that the past should be altered by the present as much as the present is directed by the past.

  2. It is not necessary that the past should be altered by the present as much as the present should be directed by the past.

  3. It is not necessary that the past is altered by the present as much as the present is directed by the past.

  4. It is not necessary that the past be altered by the present as much as the present is directed by the past.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The original sentence has an error of subjunctive and redundancy. “It is not necessary” dictates that the auxiliary 'should' be deleted. The option does just that.

Directions: This question presents a sentence, all or part of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others.

The architecture of the United States, beginning from the period of the Civil War, up to the beginning of the present crisis, everywhere reflects a struggle to be free of a vicious and depraved form of feudalism, grown strong under the very aegis of democracy.

  1. The architecture of the United States, beginning from the period of the Civil War, up to the beginning of the present crisis, everywhere reflects a struggle to be free of a vicious and depraved form of feudalism, grown strong under the very aegis of democracy.

  2. From the period of the Civil War, up to the beginning of the present crisis, the architecture of the United States everywhere reflects a struggle to be free of a vicious and depraved form of feudalism, grown strong under the very aegis of democracy.

  3. The architecture of the United States, from the period of the Civil War, up to the beginning of the present crisis, everywhere has reflected a struggle to be free of a vicious and depraved form of feudalism, grown strong under the very aegis of democracy.

  4. From the period of the Civil War, up to the beginning of the present crisis, the architecture of the United States everywhere reflects a struggle for freedom from a vicious and depraved form of feudalism, grown strong under the very aegis of democracy.

  5. The architecture of the United States, from the period of the Civil War, up to the beginning of the present crisis, everywhere reflects a struggle to be free of a vicious and depraved form of feudalism, grown strong under the very aegis of democracy.


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This option corrects the error of redundancy, without tinkering with the flow of the sentence.

Directions: This question presents a sentence, all or part of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence, you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others.

The industry argues for the protection of the artists' intellectual property rights, rights that in most cases have been wrested away from their rightful owner, the artist.

  1. The industry argues for the protection of the artists' intellectual property rights, rights that in most cases have been wrested away from their rightful owner, the artist.

  2. The industry argues for the protection of the artists' intellectual property rights, rights that in most cases have been wrested away from their rightful owner, the artists.

  3. The industry argues for the protection of the artists' intellectual property rights, rights that in most cases have been wrested away from their rightful owners, the artists.

  4. The industry argues for the protection of the intellectual property rights of the artists, rights that in most cases have been wrested away from their rightful owner, the artist.

  5. The industry argues for protection of the intellectual property rights of artists, the rightful owners of the rights that in most cases have been wrested away from them.


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

The sentence is rather convoluted and also makes repeated use of "the". The option straightens it up and removes the repetition.

Directions: This question presents a sentence, all or part of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others.

The scientist is not interested, not that is, in his role of scientist in ultimate, transcendental, or divine causes of what he sets himself to explain.

  1. The scientist is not interested, not that is, in his role of scientist in ultimate, transcendental, or divine causes of what he sets himself to explain.

  2. The scientist is not interested in his role of scientist in ultimate, transcendental, or divine causes of what he sets himself to explain.

  3. The scientist is not interested in ultimate, transcendental, or divine causes of what he sets himself to explain.

  4. The scientist is not interested not, that is, in ultimate, transcendental, or divine causes of what he sets himself to explain.

  5. The scientist is not interested not, that is, in his role in transcendental, or divine causes of what he sets himself to explain.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The sentence bears no error.

Directions: This question presents a sentence, all or part of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others.

Once we truly know that life is difficult - once we truly understand and accept life - then life is no longer difficult, because once it is accepted, the fact no longer matters.

  1. Once we truly know that life is difficult - once we truly understand and accept life - then life is no longer difficult

  2. Once we truly know that life is difficult - once we truly understand and accept it - then life is no longer difficult

  3. Once we truly know that life is difficult - once we truly understand and accept life - then it is no longer difficult

  4. Once we truly know that it is difficult - once we truly understand and accept life - then life is no longer difficult


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The original sentence suffers from the error of redundancy: repetitive use of “life”. This option removes the error of redundancy by replacing the second use by the pronoun.

Directions: This question presents a sentence, all or part of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others.

But the project's overarching goal is to collect DNA from indigenous populations worldwide whose DNA could hold clues to our origins and global migration - and to do it fast, before whole populations die out and leave their ancestral homelands.

  1. overarching goal is to collect DNA from indigenous populations worldwide whose DNA could hold clues

  2. overarching goal is to collect, from indigenous populations worldwide, DNA that could hold clues

  3. goal is to collect DNA from indigenous populations worldwide whose DNA could hold clues

  4. goal is to collect, from indigenous populations worldwide, DNA that could hold clues


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The original sentence suffers from the error of redundancy: This option rephrases the sentence to obviate the repetitive use of DNA.

Directions: This question presents a sentence, all or part of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others.

It may take weeks before you begin to see a measurable improvement, but with constant dedication, eventually the positive choices you would make today would be reflected by your future

  1. eventually the positive choices you would make today would be reflected by your future

  2. eventually your future will be reflecting the positive choices you would have made today

  3. eventually your future would reflect the positive choices you would make today

  4. eventually your future will reflect the positive choices you made today


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Since the sentence is futuristic we require simple future tense. Thus “will reflect” is absolutely correct. With the word today we use ”made” that is past tense because the choices reflected in the future were made in the past.

Directions: This question presents a sentence, all or part of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others.

The increased use of offshore outsourcing is one facet of increased services trade, in which a company relocates labour-intensive service-industry functions to another country.

  1. The increased use of offshore outsourcing is one facet of increased services trade

  2. The use of offshore outsourcing is one facet of increased services trade

  3. One facet of increased services trade is the use of offshore outsourcing,

  4. One facet of increased services trade is the increased use of offshore outsourcing

  5. The offshore outsourcing is one facet of increased services trade


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Original sentence has error of redundancy and modifier: repetitive use of 'increased'. Also, the clause 'in which a company relocates' should qualify and therefore follow 'offshore outsourcing'. The option corrects both the errors.

Directions: This question presents a sentence, all or part of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others.

Social life is an outflow and meeting of personality, which means that its end is the meeting of character, temperament, and sensibility, in which our thoughts and feelings, and sense perceptions are brought into play at their lightest and yet keenest.

  1. in which our thoughts and feelings, and sense perceptions are brought into play at their lightest and yet keenest

  2. in which our thoughts, feelings, and sense perceptions are brought into play at their lightest and yet keenest

  3. in which our thoughts, and feelings, and sense perceptions are brought into play at their lightest and yet keenest

  4. in which our sense perceptions are brought into play at their lightest and yet keenest

  5. in which our thoughts and and sense perceptions are brought into play at their lightest and yet keenest


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

There are three behaviour patterns and three perception types.  But the perception types make use of conjunction 'and' twice. This option removes the redundant use.

Directions: This question presents a sentence, all or part of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others.

The essence of iteration is the ability to hear one acoustic blast as a repetition of the form of another, without it being the case that necessary and sufficient conditions for repetition can be stated in advance.

  1. without it being the case that necessary and sufficient conditions for repetition can be stated in advance

  2. without the case that necessary and sufficient conditions for repetition be stated in advance

  3. without statement in advance of conditions being necessary and sufficient for repetition

  4. unless necessary and sufficient conditions for repetition can be stated in advance

  5. without necessary and sufficient conditions for repetition stated in advance


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This option presents the argument in a clear and concise manner. It removes the redundant 'it being' and 'can'.

Directions: This question presents a sentence, all or part of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others.

Perhaps a huge amount of general, world knowledge was drawn upon, perhaps some very general analogical thinking mechanisms, perhaps the kind of thinking involved was not modularised and encapsulated.

  1. Perhaps a huge amount of general, world knowledge was drawn upon, perhaps some very general analogical thinking mechanisms,

  2. Perhaps a huge amount of general, world knowledge was drawn upon, or perhaps some very general analogical thinking mechanism,

  3. Perhaps a huge amount of general knowledge was drawn upon, or perhaps some very general analogical thinking mechanism;

  4. Perhaps a huge amount of world knowledge was drawn upon, perhaps some very general analogical thinking mechanisms,

  5. Perhaps a huge amount of general, world knowledge was drawn upon, some very general analogical thinking mechanisms,


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The sentence has multiple errors including the use of redundant 'world' and parallelism: knowledge, mechanisms and thinking (two singular, one plural nouns). Also, the first two uses of 'perhaps' convey one idea (drawn upon), while the third conveys a different ideas. The third usage is like a new sentence and must at least begin with a semi colon. This option rectifies all the errors.

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