Edge effect refers to the changes in abiotic and biotic conditions that occur at the boundary between two different habitats.

Edge effects typically lead to a decrease in species diversity, as some species are unable to adapt to the changed conditions.

Edge effects are primarily caused by habitat fragmentation, which is the process of breaking up a continuous habitat into smaller, isolated patches.

Edge effects can have both positive and negative consequences. Increased genetic diversity is generally considered a positive consequence, as it can help populations to adapt to changing environmental conditions.

Edge attenuation refers to the process by which edge effects gradually diminish with increasing distance from the edge.

The magnitude of edge effects can be influenced by a variety of factors, including habitat type, fragment size, and edge shape.

Edge specialization refers to the process by which species that are adapted to edge habitats become more abundant.

White-tailed deer, gray squirrel, and red-eyed vireo are all examples of edge-adapted species. American robin is not typically considered an edge-adapted species.

Edge permeability refers to the movement of species between edge habitats and interior habitats.

Edge permeability can be affected by a variety of factors, including habitat type, fragment size, and edge shape.

Edge-induced extinction refers to the process by which edge effects can lead to the extinction of species.

Increased habitat availability is not a factor that can contribute to edge-induced extinction.

Edge management refers to the management of edge effects to minimize their negative impacts on biodiversity.

Edge burning is not a common edge management technique.

The goal of edge management is to minimize the negative impacts of edge effects on biodiversity.