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Accounting Concepts

Description: Accounting Concepts
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: Accounting Concepts Fundamentals of Accounting Accounting Principles and Accounting Equation
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A provision is made for possible bad and doubtful debts out of current year's profits based on the convention of

  1. conservatism

  2. materiality

  3. consistency

  4. disclosure


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The provision of bad debts is made out of the current year's profits based on the convention of conservatism. This convention means that all the risks inherent in a business must be taken into account. If there is a possibility of loss, it should be taken into account at the earliest. So, there is a possibility that some amount may not be paid by debtors, therefore a provision is made for it to cover that loss.

Accounting equation is based on

  1. going concern concept

  2. dual aspect concept

  3. business or accounting entity concept

  4. none of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 Accounting equation is based on dual aspect concept. Every transaction has a two sided effect, that is each transaction is debited and credited. For instance, the owner of a business invests capital, to start the business, say,  Rs. 50,000. By this, the cash would come in , which is an asset , and is to be debited. On the other hand, the capital is a liability of Rs. 50,000 and it has to be credited.

Mohan purchased goods for Rs. 15,00,000 and sold 4/5th of the goods amounting Rs. 18,00,000 and paid expenses amounting Rs. 2,70,000 during the year 2005. He paid Rs. 5000 for an electricity bill in December 2004 and advance salaries amounting Rs. 15,000 were paid in the month of January in year 2006. He counted net profit as Rs. 3,50,000. The profit calculated by him is correct according to which of the following concepts?

  1. Entity concept

  2. Periodicity concept

  3. Matching concept

  4. Conservatism concept


Correct Option: C

Mr. A purchased a machinery costing Rs. 1,00,000 on 1st October, 2005. Transportation and installation charges were incurred amounting Rs. 10,000 and Rs. 4,000 respectively. Dismantling charges of the old machine, in place of which new machine was purchased amounted to Rs. 10,000. Market value of the machine was estimated at Rs. 1,20,000 on 31st March 2006. While finalising the annual accounts, A valued the machinery at Rs. 1,20,000 in his books.

Which of the following concepts was violated by A?

  1. Cost concept

  2. Matching concept

  3. Realisation concept

  4. Periodicity concept


Correct Option: A

On what basis does the economic life of an enterprise split into the periodic interval?

  1. Money measurement

  2. Matching

  3. Going concern

  4. Accrual


Correct Option: C

A businessman purchased goods for Rs. 25,00,000 and sold 80% of such goods during the accounting year ending on 31st March 2005. The market value of the remaining goods was Rs. 4,00,000. He valued the closing stock at cost. Thus, he violated the concept of

  1. money measurement

  2. conservatism

  3. cost

  4. periodicity


Correct Option: B

Which of the following is not a function of accounting?

  1. Decision making

  2. Measurement

  3. Forecasting

  4. Ledger posting


Correct Option: D

“Business unit is separate and distinct from the person who supplies capital to it”, is based on

  1. money measurement concept

  2. going concern concept

  3. business entity concept

  4. dual aspect concept


Correct Option: C

In which of the following cases is the 'going concern' concept applied?

  1. When an enterprise is set up for a particular purpose, which should be achieved shortly.

  2. When a receiver or liquidator has been appointed in case of liquidation of a company, which is to be liquidated.

  3. Fixed assets are acquired for use in the business for earning revenues and are not meant for resale.

  4. When an enterprise is declared sick.


Correct Option: C

RPG Ltd. purchased an equipment from PQR Ltd. for Rs. 50,000 on 1st April, 2005. The freight and cartage of Rs. 2,000 was spent to bring the asset to the factory and Rs. 3,000 was incurred on installing the equipment to make it possible for the intended use. The market price of machinery on 31st April, 2006 was Rs. 60,000 and the accountant of the company wanted to disclose the machinery at Rs. 60,000 in their financial statements. However, the auditor emphasized that the machinery should be valued at Rs. 55,000 (50,000 + 2,000 + 3,000) according to

  1. money measurement principle

  2. historical cost concept

  3. full disclosure principle

  4. revenue recognition


Correct Option: C

Which of the following statements is not an objective of accounting?

  1. It provides information about the assets, liabilities and capital of business entities.

  2. It maintains the records of a business.

  3. It provides information about the performance of a business entity.

  4. It provides details about the personal assets and liabilities of the owner.


Correct Option: D

____________ principle requires that the same accounting method should be used from one accounting period to the next.

  1. Conservatism

  2. Consistency

  3. Business entity

  4. Money measurement


Correct Option: B

Transactions between owner and business are recorded as per

  1. periodicity

  2. going concern

  3. prudence

  4. business entity


Correct Option: D

Accounting has certain norms to be observed by the accountants, while recording transactions and preparation of final statements. These norms reduce the vagueness and chances of misunderstanding by harmonizing various accounting practices. Which of the folllowing represent these norms?

  1. Accounting regulations

  2. Accounting guidance notes

  3. Accounting standards

  4. Accounting frameworks


Correct Option: C

A trader purchased a machinery worth Rs. 1,00,000 on October 1, 2005. Transportation and installation charges were incurred amounting Rs. 10,000 and Rs. 4,000 respectively. Dismantling charges of the old machine, in place of which a new machine was purchased, amounted Rs. 10,000. Market value of the machine was estimated as Rs. 1,20,000 on March 31, 2006, while finalizing the annual accounts. Trader valued the machinery at Rs. 1,20,000 in his books. Which of the following concepts was violated by the trader?

  1. Cost concept

  2. Matching concept

  3. Realisation concept

  4. Periodicity concept


Correct Option: A
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