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Genotype and Phenotype

Description: This quiz is designed to assess your understanding of the concepts related to genotype and phenotype in genetics.
Number of Questions: 15
Created by:
Tags: genetics genotype phenotype alleles traits
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What is the term used to describe the genetic makeup of an organism?

  1. Genotype

  2. Phenotype

  3. Allele

  4. Locus

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Genotype refers to the genetic composition of an organism, including the alleles present at specific gene loci.

What is the term used to describe the observable characteristics of an organism?

  1. Genotype

  2. Phenotype

  3. Allele

  4. Locus

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics of an organism, such as its physical appearance, behavior, and biochemical properties.

What is the relationship between genotype and phenotype?

  1. Genotype determines phenotype

  2. Phenotype determines genotype

  3. They are independent of each other

  4. They are always the same

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Genotype determines phenotype because the genetic makeup of an organism influences its observable characteristics.

What is an allele?

  1. A gene

  2. A protein

  3. A chromosome

  4. A variation of a gene

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

An allele is a variation of a gene that occurs at a specific locus on a chromosome.

How many alleles can an organism have for a given gene?

  1. One

  2. Two

  3. Three

  4. Four

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

An organism typically has two alleles for a given gene, one inherited from each parent.

What is a homozygous genotype?

  1. A genotype with two identical alleles

  2. A genotype with two different alleles

  3. A genotype with three alleles

  4. A genotype with four alleles

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A homozygous genotype is a genotype in which both alleles for a given gene are identical.

What is a heterozygous genotype?

  1. A genotype with two identical alleles

  2. A genotype with two different alleles

  3. A genotype with three alleles

  4. A genotype with four alleles

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A heterozygous genotype is a genotype in which the two alleles for a given gene are different.

What is a dominant allele?

  1. An allele that is always expressed in the phenotype

  2. An allele that is never expressed in the phenotype

  3. An allele that is expressed only in homozygous genotypes

  4. An allele that is expressed only in heterozygous genotypes

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A dominant allele is an allele that is always expressed in the phenotype, regardless of the presence of other alleles.

What is a recessive allele?

  1. An allele that is always expressed in the phenotype

  2. An allele that is never expressed in the phenotype

  3. An allele that is expressed only in homozygous genotypes

  4. An allele that is expressed only in heterozygous genotypes

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A recessive allele is an allele that is expressed in the phenotype only when an organism has two copies of that allele.

What is a Punnett square?

  1. A diagram used to predict the offspring of a genetic cross

  2. A diagram used to predict the genotype of an organism

  3. A diagram used to predict the phenotype of an organism

  4. A diagram used to predict the sex of an organism

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the offspring of a genetic cross by showing all possible combinations of alleles that can be inherited from the parents.

What is a monohybrid cross?

  1. A cross between two organisms that differ in one gene

  2. A cross between two organisms that differ in two genes

  3. A cross between two organisms that differ in three genes

  4. A cross between two organisms that differ in four genes

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A monohybrid cross is a genetic cross between two organisms that differ in one gene.

What is a dihybrid cross?

  1. A cross between two organisms that differ in one gene

  2. A cross between two organisms that differ in two genes

  3. A cross between two organisms that differ in three genes

  4. A cross between two organisms that differ in four genes

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A dihybrid cross is a genetic cross between two organisms that differ in two genes.

What is a testcross?

  1. A cross between a homozygous dominant organism and a heterozygous organism

  2. A cross between a homozygous recessive organism and a heterozygous organism

  3. A cross between two homozygous dominant organisms

  4. A cross between two homozygous recessive organisms

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A testcross is a genetic cross between a homozygous dominant organism and a heterozygous organism to determine the genotype of the heterozygous organism.

What is a backcross?

  1. A cross between a heterozygous organism and a homozygous dominant organism

  2. A cross between a heterozygous organism and a homozygous recessive organism

  3. A cross between two heterozygous organisms

  4. A cross between two homozygous organisms

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A backcross is a genetic cross between a heterozygous organism and a homozygous recessive organism to determine the genotype of the heterozygous organism.

What is a pedigree chart?

  1. A diagram that shows the family history of a genetic trait

  2. A diagram that shows the genotype of a family

  3. A diagram that shows the phenotype of a family

  4. A diagram that shows the sex of a family

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A pedigree chart is a diagram that shows the family history of a genetic trait, including the relationships between family members and the inheritance of the trait.

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