Space modulation is a radio amplitude modulation technique used in instrument landing systems that incorporates the use of multiple antennas fed with various radio frequency powers and phases to create different depths of modulation within various volumes of three-dimensional airspace.

A packet analyser (also known as a network analyser, protocol analyser or packet sniffer—or, for particular types of networks, an Ethernet sniffer or wireless sniffer) is a computer program or piece of computer hardware that can intercept and log traffic that passes over a digital network or part of a network.

In an atomic transaction, a series of database operations either occur completely, or nothing occurs.

B-trees are a good example of a data structure for external memory. It is commonly used in databases and filesystems.

Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) is a communications protocol for message-oriented middleware based on XML (Extensible Markup Language). It enables the near-real-time exchange of structured yet extensible data between any two or more network entities.

Macro processors have been used for language expansion (defining new language constructs that can be expressed in terms of existing language components), for systematic text replacements that require decision making, and for text reformatting (e.g. conditional extraction of material from an HTML file).

A CURIE (or Compact URI) defines a generic, abbreviated syntax for expressing Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs).

A logical schema is a data model of a specific problem domain expressed in terms of a particular data management technology.Without being specific to a particular database management product, it is in terms of either relational tables and columns, object-oriented classes, or XML tags. This is as opposed to a conceptual data model, which describes the semantics of an organisation without reference to technology, or a physical data model, which describes the particular physical mechanisms used to capture data in a storage medium.

In data mining, anomaly detection (or outlier detection) is the identification of items, events or observations, which do not conform to an expected pattern or other items in a dataset.

In statistics and machine learning, ensemble methods use multiple learning algorithms to obtain better predictive performance than could be obtained from any of the constituent learning algorithms. Unlike a statistical ensemble in statistical mechanics, which is usually infinite, a machine learning ensemble refers only to a concrete finite set of alternative models, but typically allows for much more flexible structure to exist among those alternatives.

This is the correct option as explained in the above mentioned options.

Web syndication is a form of syndication in which website material is made available to multiple other sites. Most commonly, web syndication refers to making web feeds available from a site in order to provide other people with a summary or update of the website's recently added content (For example, the latest news or forum posts).

SOA based services are stateless. Services minimise resource consumption by deferring the management of state information when necessary.

Rules for communication between different systems need to be defined, such as: How one system can request data from another system; which specific parameters are needed in the data request; what would be the structure of the data produced. Normally, data is exchanged in XML files, and the structure of the XML file is validated against an .xsd file; what error messages to display when a certain rule for communication is not observed, to make troubleshooting easier. All of these rules for communication are defined in a file called WSDL (Web Services Description Language), which has the extension wsdl.

Space based: Refers to an infrastructure that creates the illusion (virtualisation) of one single address-space. Data are transparently replicated according to application needs. Decoupling in time, space and reference is achieved.

In computer science, remote evaluation is a general term for any technology that involves the transmission of executable software code from a client computer to a server computer for subsequent execution at the server. After the code has finished executing, the results of its execution are sent back to the client. Remote evaluation belongs to the family of mobile code, within the field of code mobility. An example for remote evaluation is grid computing: An executable task may be sent to a specific computer in the grid. After the execution has terminated, the result is sent back to the client. The client in turn may have to reassemble the different results of multiple concurrently calculated subtasks into one single result.

Transform coding is a type of data compression for natural data like audio signals or photographic images. The transformation is typically lossy, resulting in a lower quality copy of the original input.

Data dredging (also data fishing, data snooping, equation fitting and p-hacking) is the use of data mining to uncover patterns in data that can be presented as statistically significant, without first devising a specific hypothesis as to the underlying causality.

Content curation is the process of collecting, organising and displaying information relevant to a particular topic or area of interest. Services or people that implement content curation are called curators. Curation services can be used by businesses as well as end users.

A port scanner is a software application designed to probe a server or host for open ports. This is often used by administrators to verify security policies of their networks and by attackers to identify running services on a host with the view to compromise it.