Genetic diversity refers to the variation in the genetic makeup of a population or species. It is important for the survival and adaptation of a species, as it allows for different individuals to have different traits that may be beneficial in different environments.

Urbanization often leads to the fragmentation and isolation of populations, which can reduce the size of populations and decrease genetic diversity. This can make populations more vulnerable to the effects of environmental change and disease.

The construction of roads and buildings can fragment natural habitats, which can isolate populations and reduce genetic diversity. This can make populations more vulnerable to the effects of environmental change and disease.

Reduced genetic diversity can have a number of negative consequences, including increased susceptibility to disease, reduced ability to adapt to environmental change, and increased risk of extinction. This is because a population with low genetic diversity is less likely to have the genetic variation necessary to survive and adapt to changes in its environment.

There are a number of things that can be done to mitigate the negative effects of urbanization on genetic diversity. These include creating and maintaining green spaces in urban areas, reducing the fragmentation of natural habitats, and promoting the use of native plants in urban landscaping. These measures can help to maintain genetic diversity and reduce the risk of extinction for urban populations.