The Faraday effect is the rotation of the plane of polarization of light in a magnetic field. It is caused by the interaction of the magnetic field with the electrons in the material, which causes them to precess around the field lines. This precession causes the light to be polarized in a different direction than it was originally.

The Cotton-Mouton effect is the change in the refractive index of a material in a magnetic field. It is caused by the interaction of the magnetic field with the electrons in the material, which causes them to precess around the field lines. This precession causes the refractive index of the material to change.

The Voigt effect is the change in the absorption coefficient of a material in a magnetic field. It is caused by the interaction of the magnetic field with the electrons in the material, which causes them to precess around the field lines. This precession causes the absorption coefficient of the material to change.

The Kerr effect is the change in the scattering cross-section of a material in a magnetic field. It is caused by the interaction of the magnetic field with the electrons in the material, which causes them to precess around the field lines. This precession causes the scattering cross-section of the material to change.

Magneto-optics has a wide range of applications, including optical isolators and circulators, optical switches and modulators, magnetic recording, and magneto-optic imaging.