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Structural Geology

Description: Structural Geology Quiz
Number of Questions: 15
Created by:
Tags: geology earth science structural geology
Attempted 0/15 Correct 0 Score 0

What is the term for a rock that has been subjected to high pressure and temperature, causing it to recrystallize?

  1. Metamorphic rock

  2. Igneous rock

  3. Sedimentary rock

  4. Extrusive rock


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks are subjected to high pressure and temperature, causing them to recrystallize and form new minerals.

Which type of fault involves the movement of rocks along a curved surface?

  1. Dip-slip fault

  2. Strike-slip fault

  3. Reverse fault

  4. Normal fault


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In a reverse fault, the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall along a curved surface.

What is the term for a fold in which the layers of rock are bent into a series of parallel, alternating arches and troughs?

  1. Anticline

  2. Syncline

  3. Monocline

  4. Dome


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An anticline is a fold in which the layers of rock are bent into a series of parallel, alternating arches and troughs.

Which type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock?

  1. Metamorphic rock

  2. Igneous rock

  3. Sedimentary rock

  4. Extrusive rock


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock.

What is the term for a rock that is formed from the accumulation and compaction of sediment?

  1. Metamorphic rock

  2. Igneous rock

  3. Sedimentary rock

  4. Extrusive rock


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and compaction of sediment.

Which type of fault involves the movement of rocks along a vertical or near-vertical plane?

  1. Dip-slip fault

  2. Strike-slip fault

  3. Reverse fault

  4. Normal fault


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In a dip-slip fault, the movement of rocks occurs along a vertical or near-vertical plane.

What is the term for a fold in which the layers of rock are bent into a single, continuous arch?

  1. Anticline

  2. Syncline

  3. Monocline

  4. Dome


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A dome is a fold in which the layers of rock are bent into a single, continuous arch.

Which type of rock is formed from the alteration of existing rocks by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions?

  1. Metamorphic rock

  2. Igneous rock

  3. Sedimentary rock

  4. Extrusive rock


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Metamorphic rocks are formed from the alteration of existing rocks by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions.

What is the term for a rock that is formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock that has erupted onto the Earth's surface?

  1. Metamorphic rock

  2. Igneous rock

  3. Sedimentary rock

  4. Extrusive rock


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Extrusive rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock that has erupted onto the Earth's surface.

Which type of fault involves the movement of rocks along a horizontal or near-horizontal plane?

  1. Dip-slip fault

  2. Strike-slip fault

  3. Reverse fault

  4. Normal fault


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In a strike-slip fault, the movement of rocks occurs along a horizontal or near-horizontal plane.

What is the term for a fold in which the layers of rock are bent into a single, continuous trough?

  1. Anticline

  2. Syncline

  3. Monocline

  4. Dome


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A syncline is a fold in which the layers of rock are bent into a single, continuous trough.

Which type of rock is formed from the accumulation and compaction of organic material?

  1. Metamorphic rock

  2. Igneous rock

  3. Sedimentary rock

  4. Extrusive rock


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Sedimentary rocks can be formed from the accumulation and compaction of organic material.

What is the term for a rock that is formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock that has intruded into the Earth's crust?

  1. Metamorphic rock

  2. Igneous rock

  3. Sedimentary rock

  4. Extrusive rock


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Igneous rocks can be formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock that has intruded into the Earth's crust.

Which type of fault involves the movement of rocks down a slope?

  1. Dip-slip fault

  2. Strike-slip fault

  3. Reverse fault

  4. Normal fault


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In a normal fault, the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall.

What is the term for a fold in which the layers of rock are bent into a series of parallel, alternating arches and troughs, but the axial planes are inclined?

  1. Anticline

  2. Syncline

  3. Monocline

  4. Asymmetric fold


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

An asymmetric fold is a fold in which the layers of rock are bent into a series of parallel, alternating arches and troughs, but the axial planes are inclined.

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