Soil contamination is primarily caused by human activities such as industrial processes, agricultural practices, improper waste disposal, and urban development.

Sandy soil has a low capacity to retain contaminants due to its large pore spaces, making it more susceptible to contamination.

Soil remediation involves various techniques to remove or reduce the concentration of contaminants in soil.

Soil washing involves physically separating contaminants from soil particles using water or other solvents.

Soil restoration aims to restore the soil's original physical, chemical, and biological properties after contamination.

Phytoremediation involves using plants to absorb and accumulate contaminants from the soil.

Soil reclamation involves converting degraded or contaminated land into a productive state for agriculture, forestry, or other uses.

Incineration involves burning contaminated soil at high temperatures to destroy organic contaminants.

Soil conservation practices aim to prevent soil erosion, which is the loss of topsoil due to wind or water.

Contour plowing involves plowing along the contours of the land to reduce soil erosion.

Soil restoration involves improving the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil to enhance its productivity.

Crop rotation is a sustainable soil management practice that helps maintain soil fertility and reduce erosion.

Soil assessment involves evaluating the extent and severity of soil contamination to determine the appropriate remediation or restoration strategies.

Bioremediation involves using microorganisms to break down and remove contaminants from soil.

Soil remediation monitoring involves regularly assessing the effectiveness of soil remediation efforts to ensure that contamination levels are reduced and soil quality is improved.