The desire to exploit natural resources was an economic motive for colonialism, not a cultural one.

Spain was the most motivated by the desire to spread Christianity during the colonial era, as evidenced by its extensive missionary activities in the Americas and elsewhere.

The Enlightenment thinkers who advocated for colonialism believed that it was their duty to spread knowledge and civilization to the rest of the world, which they saw as being in a state of barbarism.

Promoting intermarriage between European colonizers and the colonized peoples was not a way in which European colonizers tried to establish cultural superiority over the colonized peoples. In fact, intermarriage was often discouraged or even forbidden.

Colonialism had a profound impact on the cultural identity of the colonized peoples. It led to the loss of their traditional way of life, the adoption of European culture and values, and the development of a new, hybrid culture.