Interpreting environmental statutes and regulations

Resolving disputes between environmental stakeholders

Setting environmental standards and regulations

Enforcing environmental laws and regulations

Injunctions

Fines

Imprisonment

All of the above

Sierra Club v. Morton

Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.

Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency

All of the above

To require federal agencies to consider the environmental impacts of their actions

To set environmental standards and regulations

To enforce environmental laws and regulations

To provide funding for environmental protection programs

Air pollution law

Water pollution law

Land use law

Criminal law

To set environmental standards and regulations

To enforce environmental laws and regulations

To provide funding for environmental protection programs

All of the above

Litigation

Arbitration

Mediation

Negotiation

To reduce air pollution

To protect human health and the environment

To promote energy efficiency

All of the above

Environmental impact statement (EIS)

Environmental assessment (EA)

Categorical exclusion (CE)

Risk assessment

To protect endangered and threatened species

To promote biodiversity

To provide funding for habitat conservation

All of the above

Emission standards

Effluent limits

Land use restrictions

Zoning laws

To protect water quality

To reduce water pollution

To promote water conservation

All of the above

Air pollution permit

Water pollution permit

Land use permit

Building permit

To clean up hazardous waste sites

To compensate victims of hazardous waste contamination

To hold polluters liable for cleanup costs

All of the above

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Environmental Appeals Board

U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit

U.S. Supreme Court

International Court of Justice